6. REVENUE AND DEFERRED REVENUE
Total revenue disaggregated by geographic source, type of customer, and products or services was as follows.
Years Ended December 31,
20252024
United States (medical practice, clinic, and hospital customers):
Products (capsules and capsule reading devices)$9,741 $8,302 
Services (cloud-based video delivery and reading services)916 780 
Outside United States (distributor customers):
Products (capsules and capsule reading devices)2,897 2,674 
Total revenue$13,554 $11,756 
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, U.S. service revenues included (i) $621 and $548, respectively, from the Company’s cloud-based software-as-a-service video delivery offering (recognized over time commencing with the shipment of capsules) and (ii) $295 and $232, respectively, of revenue from the provision of video reading to customers (recognized at a point in time upon provision of deliverables).
Product revenues outside the United States are attributable to individual foreign countries based upon shipment destination. The Company’s distributor customers outside the United States typically serve the countries in which they are domiciled (and may distribute to adjacent countries or territories). Outside the United States, for the year ended December 31, 2025, product revenues included $1,248 and $598 attributable to France and Germany, respectively, with the balance attributable to other countries; for the year ended December 31, 2024 product revenues included $1,160 and $565 attributable to France and Germany, respectively, with the balance attributable to other countries.
Deferred revenue (contract liabilities, all of which are current in nature) consists of upfront purchases by customers related to the cloud-based software-as-a-service video delivery offering and prepaid video reading services. Deferred revenue represents the excess of amounts invoiced over amounts recognized as revenues. For each component of deferred revenue, the recognition of deferrals as revenue occurred within three months.
The Company's deferred revenue balance was $177, $132 and $96 as of December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized $132 of revenue that was included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $96 of revenue that was included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2023.
Fees paid to group purchasing organizations and recorded as reductions to revenue were $110 and $103 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.