Laser Photonics Corp Income Taxes Disclosure
NOTE 10. INCOME TAXES
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, a reconciliation of the effective income tax rate to the U.S. statutory rate is as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Federal tax benefit at statutory rate | $ | 21 | % | $ | 21 | % | ||
| State tax benefit, net of federal benefit | 6 | % | 6 | % | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | (27 | )% | (27 | )% | ||||
| $ | $ | |||||||
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the following table summarizes our deferred tax asset:
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred tax asset | ||||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $ | 6,645,000 | $ | 3,999,000 | ||||
| Valuation allowance | (6,645,000 | ) | (3,999,000 | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $ | $ | ||||||
The provision for income taxes differs from the expense that would result from applying statutory rates to income before income taxes. The differences primarily result from changes in valuation allowance.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company is in a net deferred tax asset position before valuation allowance. The future realization of the tax benefits from existing temporary differences and tax attributes ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient future taxable income. In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company considers projected future taxable income, scheduled reversal of existing deferred tax liabilities, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, and determined that it is more likely than not that the Company’s net deferred tax assets will not be realized. Accordingly, the Company maintained a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. The change in the valuation allowance for year ended December 31, 2025 was an increase of $2,619,000.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards totaling 24,611,000, which are available to reduce the Company’s future taxes and have an unlimited carryforward period. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards totaling $7,104,473.
The future realization of the net operating loss carryforwards may be limited by the change in ownership rules under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (“Section 382”). Under Section 382, if a corporation undergoes an ownership change (as defined), the corporation’s ability to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to offset income may be limited. The Company has not completed a study to assess whether a change of ownership has occurred, or whether there have been multiple ownership changes since its formation. Any limitation may result in expiration of a portion of the net operating loss carryforwards or research and development credit carryforward before utilization.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal tax jurisdiction and in various state and foreign jurisdictions in which it operates and is therefore subject to tax examination by various taxing authorities. Since the Company is in a loss carryforward position, the Company is generally subject to examination by the U.S. federal, foreign, state and local income tax authorities for all tax years in which a loss carryforward is available. The Company is currently not under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or any other jurisdiction for any tax years. The Company has not recorded any interest or penalties on any unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions recognized in the consolidated financial statements following a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit will more likely than not be realized. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company has not identified any uncertain tax positions. The Company will recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2025, no interest or penalties have been accrued.
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.