APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS, INC. Segments Disclosure

NOTE R—SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

  

The Company operates in one reportable segment. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is considered to be the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), manages the Company’s operations as a whole and reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by information about product revenue, for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. Our CEO is the functional head of all operations and manufacturing. Our Board, in conjunction with our CODM, considers our consolidated performance and does not have individual financial or operating goals for each location, nor for any other subset of the Company's operations. As such, the Company has determined it operates as one reportable segment. 

 

Our CODM uses net income or loss to allocate resources and assess performance. The CODM regularly reviews the consolidated net income or loss to make strategic decisions, such as capital expenditure plan, production plan and manpower allocation. 

 

		Years Ended December 31,
		2025				2024				2023
Revenue		$	455,715			$	249,365			$	217,646
Cost of goods sold			(318,802	)			(187,565	)			(158,725	)
Adjusted research and development			(84,177	)			(53,383	)			(34,483	)
Adjusted sales and marketing			(28,723	)			(15,805	)			(9,959	)
Adjusted general and admin			(60,934	)			(41,037	)			(37,118	)
Other segment items			(1,307	)			(138,308	)			(33,409	)
Net loss			(38,228	)			(186,733	)			(56,048	)

 

We exclude share-based compensation and related expense, certain legal expenses associated with litigation and other one-time expenses from adjusted research and development, adjusted sales and marketing and adjusted general and administrative expenses. 

 

Other segment items include share-based compensation expense, interest expense, interest income, certain legal expenses associated with litigation and other one-time items.

 

The following tables set forth the Company’s revenue and asset information by geographic region. Revenue is classified based on the location of where the product is manufactured. Long-lived assets in the tables below comprise only property, plant, equipment and intangible assets (in thousands):  

 

		Year ended December 31,
		2025				2024				2023
Revenues:
United States		$	19,378			$	10,921			$	30,798
Taiwan			174,197				126,639				143,528
China			262,140				111,805				43,320
		$	455,715			$	249,365			$	217,646

 

		As of December 31,
		2025				2024				2023
Long-lived assets:
United States		$	123,677			$	71,867			$	75,283
Taiwan			146,673				57,907				47,668
China			162,322				107,624				91,050
		$	432,672			$	237,398			$	214,001

 

The Company serves four primary markets, the internet data center, CATV, telecom and FTTH markets. Of the Company’s total revenues in 2025, the Company earned $245.1 million, or 53.8%, from the CATV market, $195.7 million, or 42.9%, from the internet data center market, $13.7 million, or 3.0%, from the telecom market and $1.2 million, or 0.3%, from the FTTH and other markets. Of the Company’s total revenues in 2024, the Company earned $148.5 million, or 59.5%, from the internet data center market, $87.7 million, or 35.2%, from the CATV market, $11.0 million, or 4.4%, from the telecom market and $2.1 million, or 0.9%, from the FTTH and other markets. Of the Company’s total revenues in 2023, the Company earned $141.2 million, or 64.9%, from the internet data center market, $59.9 million, or 27.5%, from the CATV market, $13.8 million, or 6.4%, from the telecom market and $0.1 million, or 0.0%, from the FTTH market.