NOTE 12. Segment Information

The Company operates in one business segment, which includes all activities related to the discovery, development and commercialization of messenger RNA medicines. The determination of a single business segment is consistent with the consolidated financial information regularly provided to the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews and evaluates consolidated net (loss) income for purposes of assessing performance, making operating decisions, allocating resources, and planning and forecasting for future periods. The CODM does not evaluate the operating segment using asset or liability information.

The following table presents information about reported segment revenues, segment loss and income, and significant segment expenses:

 

For the Year Ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

Revenues

 

$

152,310

 

 

$

166,799

 

 

$

205,999

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LUNAR-COVID

 

 

70,464

 

 

 

81,262

 

 

 

65,136

 

LUNAR-OTC

 

 

9,509

 

 

 

9,315

 

 

 

8,898

 

BARDA

 

 

7,807

 

 

 

5,465

 

 

 

95

 

LUNAR-CF, net

 

 

17,227

 

 

 

14,666

 

 

 

6,931

 

Early-stage programs

 

 

16,096

 

 

 

12,460

 

 

 

9,681

 

Discovery technologies

 

 

6,278

 

 

 

6,405

 

 

 

6,082

 

Payroll and benefits

 

57,474

 

 

 

50,924

 

 

 

42,466

 

Facilities and equipment

 

 

10,301

 

 

 

11,636

 

 

 

8,462

 

Total research and development

 

 

195,156

 

 

 

192,133

 

 

 

147,751

 

General and administrative

 

 

52,823

 

 

 

52,871

 

 

 

46,071

 

Other (1)

 

 

(14,728

)

 

 

(48,480

)

 

 

2,828

 

Net (loss) income

$

(80,941

)

 

$

(29,725

)

 

$

9,349

 

 

(1) Primarily includes interest income and expense, foreign currency gains and losses, and income taxes. The year ended December 31, 2023 includes a $34.0 million gain on debt extinguishment related to forgiveness of the Singapore Loan.

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.