Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings, claims and disputes that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and that such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment is required to determine both probability and the estimated amount, which could differ materially. Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the Company accrued zero, $5.0 million and $15.2 million, respectively, for such matters, related to the Amended License Agreement with Yale University ("Yale"), as further described below.
Clinical and Preclinical Development and Licensing Arrangements
From time to time, the Company enters into contracts in the normal course of business with various third parties who support its clinical trials, preclinical research studies and other services related to its development activities. The scope of the services under these agreements can generally be modified at any time, and the agreement can be terminated by either party after a period of notice and receipt of written notice.
In addition, under licensing and related arrangements to which the Company is a party, the Company may be obligated to make milestone payments to third parties. The payment obligations under these arrangements are contingent upon future events, such as achievement of specified milestones or generation of product sales, and the amount, timing and likelihood of such payments are not known.
Yale University License Agreement
In June 2024, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated License Agreement (the “Amended License Agreement”) with Yale pursuant to which the parties amended and restated the license agreement dated July 5, 2013, as amended to date (the "Original Agreement"). In connection with the signing of the Amended License Agreement, the Company made a payment of $14.95 million to Yale, comprising both an upfront payment connected to the Amended License Agreement and an amount related to the collaboration income under the Novartis License Agreement and Novartis Asset Agreement (see Note 3, Research
Collaboration and License Agreements, for a description of the agreements). The Company made another $5.0 million payment in June 2025 on the first anniversary of signing. Thereafter, the Company will also pay to Yale (1) up to $15.0 million if it secures approval of the first and second royalty products (as defined in the Amended License Agreement), (2) a low single digit percentage royalty on certain, more narrowly defined “collaboration products,” and (3) a lower single digit royalty on its aggregate worldwide net sales of certain newly defined “meaningfully involved products.”
The Company’s obligations under the Original Agreement to pay Yale minimum annual royalties and certain other annual fees have been eliminated and Yale has agreed to release all claims arising previously under the Original Agreement. Other provisions of the Original Agreement remain materially unchanged under the Amended License Agreement, including the requirement to pay to Yale a minimum license maintenance royalty totaling $0.1 million per year until the first sale to a third party of any licensed product, followed by success-based milestones for the first two licensed products for the development of the protein degradation technologies totaling approximately $3.0 million for the first licensed product and approximately $1.5 million for the second licensed product, certain of which milestones have already been satisfied, and low single-digit royalties on aggregate worldwide net sales of certain licensed products, which may be subject to reductions, and subject to minimum royalty payments that range from $0.2 million to $0.5 million.
During each of the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized expenses under the license agreement totaling $0.7 million, zero and $0.3 million, respectively, under the license agreement. The payment made in the year ended December 31, 2024 included the payment made in connection with signing the Amended License Agreement, as summarized above.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 24, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 11, 2025
2023Feb 27, 2024
2022Feb 23, 2023
2021Feb 28, 2022
2020Mar 1, 2021
2019Mar 16, 2020
2018Mar 26, 2019

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.