6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The Company’s intangible assets consist of core deposits, goodwill, and other intangibles arising from acquisitions. Refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Polices” in this Form 10-K for more information on the Company’s goodwill and intangible asset policies. The Company analyzed its intangible assets on a quarterly basis throughout 2025, and concluded no impairment existed as of the balance sheet date.

Preliminary goodwill associated with the Sandy Spring acquisition totaled $519.2 million at December 31, 2025 and was calculated based on the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date, inclusive of subsequent measurement period adjustments described below, and is subject to change if the Company obtains additional information and evidence within the one-year measurement period. The Company recorded measurement period adjustments in the third and fourth quarters of 2025 related to the Sandy Spring acquisition, primarily related to other liabilities, fair values of certain loans, and other assets, which resulted in a $22.4 million increase in preliminary goodwill associated with the Sandy Spring acquisition compared to April 1, 2025. As a result of the American National acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill totaling $288.8 million, which reflected expected synergies and economies of scale from the acquisition. Refer to Note 2 “Acquisitions” in this Form 10-K for more information on the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets.

The following table provides information on the significant components of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets as of December 31, (dollars in thousands):

  ​ ​ ​

Gross

  ​ ​ ​

Additions:

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Net

Carrying

Sandy Spring

Accumulated

Carrying

Value

Acquisition (1)

Amortization

Value

2025

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

Goodwill

$

1,214,053

$

519,234

$

$

1,733,287

CDIs

153,740

243,351

(131,740)

265,351

Other amortizable intangibles

14,041

47,299

(11,147)

50,193

(1) Includes a $22.4 million increase in preliminary goodwill associated with the Sandy Spring acquisition related to measurement period adjustments during the third and fourth quarters of 2025.

Gross

  ​ ​ ​

Additions:

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Net

Carrying

American National

Accumulated

Carrying

Value

Acquisition

Amortization

Value

2024

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

Goodwill

$

925,211

$

288,842

$

$

1,214,053

CDIs

85,491

74,410

(85,768)

74,133

Other amortizable intangibles

 

3,977

10,277

(3,824)

10,430

The following table presents the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets by operating segment as of December 31, (dollars in thousands):

Wholesale Banking

Consumer Banking

Corporate Other

Total

2025

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

  ​

Goodwill (1)

$

1,254,979

$

478,308

$

$

1,733,287

Intangible Assets (2)

 

50,916

 

621

 

264,007

 

315,544

2024

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

 

  ​

Goodwill (3)

$

850,035

$

364,018

$

$

1,214,053

Intangible Assets (4)

 

8,714

 

778

 

75,071

 

84,563

(1) Wholesale Banking and Consumer Banking includes gross carrying values of $404.9 million and $114.3 million, respectively, related to goodwill from the Sandy Spring acquisition.

(2) Wholesale Banking and Corporate Other includes gross carrying values of $46 .3 million and $244.4 million, respectively, related to intangible assets from the Sandy Spring acquisition.

(3) Wholesale Banking and Consumer Banking includes gross carrying values of $210.8 million and $78.0 million, respectively, related to goodwill from the American National acquisition.

(4) Wholesale Banking and Corporate Other includes gross carrying values of $8.4 million and $76.3 million, respectively, related to intangible assets from the American National acquisition.

Amortization expense of intangibles for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 totaled $59.7 million, $19.3 million, and $8.8 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2025, the estimated remaining amortization expense of intangibles is as follows for the years ended (dollars in thousands):

2026

$

60,282

2027

50,407

2028

41,936

2029

35,235

2030

30,719

Thereafter

96,965

Total estimated amortization expense

$

315,544

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 22, 2024
2022Feb 24, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Feb 25, 2016

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.