AVAX ONE TECHNOLOGY LTD. Income Taxes Disclosure
16. INCOME TAXES
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, loss before income tax provision consisted of the following:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Domestic operations – Canada | $ | (25,482,135 | ) | $ | (15,395,415 | ) | ||
| Foreign operations - United States | (7,713,071 | ) | (879,400 | ) | ||||
| Loss before income taxes | $ | (33,195,206 | ) | $ | (16,274,815 | ) | ||
The following table reconciles income taxes calculated at the Canadian statutory rate with the actual income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2025.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||
| Loss before taxes | $ | (33,195,206 | ) | |||||
| Statutory tax rate | 27.00 | % | ||||||
| Income taxes at the statutory rate | $ | (8,962,706 | ) | 27 | % | |||
| Foreign tax effects | ||||||||
| United States: | ||||||||
| Statutory tax rate difference between US and Canada | 462,784 | -1 | % | |||||
| Foreign currency translation | (38,054 | ) | 0 | % | ||||
| Other adjustments | 134,940 | 0 | % | |||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 1,522,860 | -5 | % | |||||
| Non-taxable or non-deductible items: | ||||||||
| Debt conversion and extinguishment losses | 2,712,062 | -8 | % | |||||
| Non-deductible accretion interest | 843,158 | -3 | % | |||||
| Share issuance costs | (454,114 | ) | 1 | % | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | 410,442 | -1 | % | |||||
| Foreign currency translation | (716,327 | ) | 2 | % | ||||
| Change in fair value of warrants | (803,766 | ) | 2 | % | ||||
| Other permanent differences | 7,292 | 0 | % | |||||
| Changes in valuation allowance | 4,556,376 | -13 | % | |||||
| Other adjustments | 325,053 | -1 | % | |||||
| Income tax expense (recovery) | $ | 0 | % | |||||
The following table reconciles income taxes calculated at the Canadian statutory rate with the actual income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2024.
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Loss before taxes | $ | (16,274,815 | ) | |||||
| Statutory tax rate | 27.00 | % | ||||||
| Income taxes at the statutory rate | $ | (4,394,200 | ) | 27 | % | |||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | (377,536 | ) | 2 | % | ||||
| Non-deductible accretion interest | 671,064 | -4 | % | |||||
| Debt conversion and extinguishment losses | 1,195,929 | -7 | % | |||||
| Stock-based compensation | 109,803 | -1 | % | |||||
| Share issue costs | (126,529 | ) | 1 | % | ||||
| Foreign currency translation | 1,159,454 | -7 | % | |||||
| Other | (80,453 | ) | 0 | % | ||||
| Total | $ | (1,842,468 | ) | 11 | % | |||
| Change in valuation allowance | 1,842,468 | -11 | % | |||||
| Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 0 | % | |||||
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that we will not realize those tax assets through future operations. Significant components of the Company’s deferred taxes are as follows:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| Unused net operating losses carry forward - Canada | $ | 14,365,607 | $ | 10,904,961 | ||||
| Unused net operating losses carry forward - US Federal and State | 930,193 | 1,036,463 | ||||||
| Share issue costs - Canada | 155,787 | 261,984 | ||||||
| Unrealized loss on market revaluation - US | 1,630,987 | |||||||
| Intangible capital assets - Canada | 2,695,255 | 1,388,075 | ||||||
| Intangible capital assets - US | 258 | |||||||
| SR&ED pool - Canada | 61,301 | |||||||
| Total deferred tax assets | $ | 19,839,388 | $ | 13,591,483 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Tangible capital assets - Canada | $ | (217,943 | ) | $ | (51,391 | ) | ||
| Other - US | (2,113 | ) | ||||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | $ | (220,056 | ) | $ | (51,391 | ) | ||
| Deferred tax asset | $ | 19,619,332 | $ | 13,540,092 | ||||
| Valuation allowance | (19,619,332 | ) | (13,540,092 | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | $ | ||||||
The Company has unclaimed Canadian SR&ED expenditures of approximately $311,180 (in Canadian dollars) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 which can be carried forward indefinitely to reduce future years’ taxable income. The balance is included as a reduction of research and development expense.
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had unused US Federal net operating losses of $3,723,575 and $3,838,758, which can be carried forward indefinitely to reduce future years’ taxable income, and unused US State net operating losses of $705,914 and , which can be carried forward to the year 2041 to reduce future years’ taxable income.
The Company has Canadian non-capital losses for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 of $72,924,079 and $57,969,965, respectively (in Canadian dollars). The non-capital losses as of December 31, 2025 can be used to offset future taxable income in Canada, and are due to expire in the following years (in Canadian dollars):
| 2038 | $ | 2,663,570 | ||
| 2039 | 6,033,861 | |||
| 2040 | 3,110,273 | |||
| 2041 | 8,457,838 | |||
| 2042 | 14,712,845 | |||
| Thereafter | 37,945,692 | |||
| $ | 72,924,079 |
Non-capital losses in Canada can be carried forward after a change of ownership, if the particular business which gave rise to the loss is carried on by the company for profit or with a reasonable expectation of profit. Certain accumulated net operating losses in United States are subject to an annual limitation from equity shifts, which constitute a change of ownership as defined under Internal Revenue Code Section 382. As a result of the Offering, a change of ownership as defined under IRC Section 382 occurred which will limit the Company’s ability to utilize the net operating losses to $67,915 per year.
The Company files income tax returns in Canada and the United States and is subject to examination in these jurisdictions for all years since the Company’s inception in 2017. As at December 31, 2025, no tax authority audits are currently underway. The Company currently has no uncertain tax position and is therefore not reflecting any adjustments.
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Mar 31, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Apr 7, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Apr 1, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Mar 14, 2023 | |
| 2021 | Mar 30, 2022 | |
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.