10. Stock-Based Compensation
Equity Incentive Plans
The Company adopted the 2010 Equity Compensation Plan (the “2010 Plan”) on July 26, 2010. On November 9, 2017, the 2010 Plan was terminated in connection with the Company’s initial public offering. Accordingly, no shares are available for future issuance under the 2010 Plan. However, the 2010 Plan continues to govern the terms and conditions of the outstanding awards granted thereunder.
The Company’s Third Amended and Restated 2017 Incentive Award Plan (as amended from time to time, the “2017 Plan”) originally became effective on November 9, 2017. The 2017 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, including incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, dividend equivalents, restricted stock units, and other stock or cash-based awards to employees, consultants and directors of the Company. These available shares automatically increase each January 1, beginning on January 1, 2018, by 5% of the number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock outstanding on the final day of the immediately preceding calendar year. On January 1, 2025, the shares available for grant under the 2017 Plan were automatically increased by 1,329,434 shares. On May 18, 2023 and May 29, 2025, stockholders approved amendments to the 2017 Plan that increased the number of shares available for grant by 2,500,000 and 4,500,000 shares, respectively.
The terms of the stock option grants are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company’s stock options vest based on terms of the stock option agreements. The stock options have a contractual life of ten years.
Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted to employees, non-employee members of the Board of Directors and other Service Providers (as defined in the 2017 Plan) under the 2017 Plan are subject to an immediate or time-based vesting condition as specified by the underlying compensation plans. Vesting schedules may differ between different categories of award recipients. Stock compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value of the RSUs and is recognized on a ratable basis over the applicable service period. Depending on the nature of the underlying compensation plan, certain share-based payment arrangements contingent upon company performance are classified as liability-based awards resulting in classification as accrued expenses on the consolidated balance sheets with the corresponding offset to stock-based compensation expense.
As of December 31, 2025, awards granted under the 2010 Plan consist of stock options and awards granted under the 2017 Plan consist of stock options and RSUs. Outstanding stock options and related activity are not material for the periods presented.
Restricted Stock Units
The following summarizes the RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2025:
Number of awards outstandingWeighted-average grant date fair value (Per share)
Nonvested RSUs as of December 31, 20244,364,486 $19.25 
Granted4,510,702 14.63 
Vested(2,969,717)18.56 
Forfeited(370,814)18.18 
Nonvested RSUs as of December 31, 20255,534,657 $15.91 
Year ended December 31,
202520242023
Weighted average grant date fair value of RSUs granted (per share)$14.63 $21.23 $11.35 
Total fair value of RSUs vested (in thousands)55,123 49,636 25,186 
As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs was $79.1 million, which will be amortized over a weighted-average period of 2.36 years.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company recognized total stock-based compensation expense as follows:
Year ended December 31,
202520242023
(In thousands)
Cost of revenue$2,159 $1,638 $1,136 
Research and development23,133 20,433 15,661 
Sales and marketing7,850 8,105 6,273 
General and administrative19,190 18,186 13,922 
Total$52,332 $48,362 $36,992 

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.