(12) INCOME TAXES

 

 

Income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign are as follows:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

U.S. federal tax

 

$

46,800

 

U.S. state and local tax

 

 

 

Oklahoma

 

 

8,100

 

Other

 

 

233

 

Non-U.S. tax

 

 

 

Total taxes paid

 

$

55,133

 

 

The components of the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Current taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

60,118

 

 

$

52,626

 

 

$

53,247

 

State

 

 

5,294

 

 

 

8,504

 

 

 

7,023

 

Deferred taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

 

(828

)

 

 

(2,146

)

 

 

(2,503

)

State

 

 

(76

)

 

 

(57

)

 

 

(284

)

Total income taxes

 

$

64,508

 

 

$

58,927

 

 

$

57,483

 

 

 

Income tax expense (benefit) applicable to securities transactions approximated $80,000, $20,000 and $(384,000) for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

 

 

There were no activities or transaction that had foreign income taxes or cross-border tax effects during the reported periods. The following is a reconciliation of the Company's U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to its effective tax rate:

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

Amount

 

 

Rate

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

U.S. federal statutory tax rate

 

$

64,029

 

 

 

21.00

%

State and local income tax expense, net of federal tax effect (1)

 

 

6,172

 

 

 

2.02

 

Foreign tax effects

 

 

 

 

 

 

Changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cross-border tax laws

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax credits, net of amortization

 

 

(3,146

)

 

 

(1.03

)

Changes in valuation allowances

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nontaxable or nondeductible Items

 

 

(2,914

)

 

 

(0.95

)

Changes in unrecognized tax benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other adjustments

 

 

367

 

 

 

0.12

 

Effective tax rate

 

$

64,508

 

 

 

21.16

%

(1) State taxes in Oklahoma made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in this category.

 

 

 

A reconciliation between reported income tax expense and the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% to income before income taxes is presented in the following table.

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Income tax expense at the federal statutory tax rate

 

$

57,809

 

 

$

56,689

 

Increase (decrease) in income tax expense from:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax-exempt income, net

 

 

(489

)

 

 

(343

)

Modified endowment life contracts

 

 

(424

)

 

 

(497

)

Share based compensation excess tax benefit

 

 

(3,557

)

 

 

(786

)

Tax deductible dividends paid on ESOP

 

 

(511

)

 

 

(505

)

State tax expense, net of federal tax benefit

 

 

6,162

 

 

 

4,945

 

Utilization of tax credits:

 

 

 

 

 

 

New markets tax credits, net of amortization

 

 

(777

)

 

 

(777

)

Low-income housing tax credits, net of amortization

 

 

(1,226

)

 

 

(1,106

)

Other tax credits, net of amortization

 

 

(397

)

 

 

(192

)

Other, net

 

 

2,337

 

 

 

55

 

Total income tax expense

 

$

58,927

 

 

$

57,483

 

 

The net deferred tax asset consisted of the following and is reported in other assets:

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Unrealized net losses on securities

 

$

2,568

 

 

$

10,191

 

Provision for credit losses

 

 

25,344

 

 

 

23,598

 

Write-downs of other real estate owned

 

 

297

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation

 

 

2,971

 

 

 

2,947

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

2,357

 

 

 

2,178

 

Investments in partnership interests

 

 

8,910

 

 

 

8,319

 

Other

 

 

1,645

 

 

 

1,284

 

Gross deferred tax assets

 

 

44,092

 

 

 

48,517

 

Intangibles

 

 

(7,042

)

 

 

(4,929

)

Basis difference related to tax credits

 

 

(7,416

)

 

 

(6,806

)

Depreciation

 

 

(19,778

)

 

 

(19,406

)

Prepaid expense deducted

 

 

(1,443

)

 

 

(1,243

)

Other

 

 

(189

)

 

 

(308

)

Gross deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(35,868

)

 

 

(32,692

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

8,224

 

 

$

15,825

 

 

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if applicable, in income tax expense. During the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not recognize or accrue any interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits. Federal and various state income tax statutes dictate that tax returns filed in any of the previous three reporting periods remain open to examination, which includes tax return years 2022 to 2024. The Company has no open examinations with either the Internal Revenue Service or any state agency.

Management performs an analysis of the Company’s tax position annually and believes it is more likely than not that all of its tax positions will be utilized in future years.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 28, 2025
2023Feb 27, 2024
2022Feb 24, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2019Feb 28, 2020
2017Mar 1, 2018
2016Mar 7, 2017
2015Mar 11, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.