25. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined by ASC 280, “Segment Reporting,” as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The operating segments are reviewed separately because each operating segment represents a strategic business unit that generally offers different products and services.

As discussed in Note 7, “Discontinued Operations,” in the first quarter of 2019, the Company’s Epsilon segment was classified as a discontinued operation and was sold on July 1, 2019. The Company operates in the LoyaltyOne and Card Services reportable segments, which consist of the following:

LoyaltyOne provides coalition and short-term loyalty programs through the Company’s Canadian AIR MILES Reward Program and BrandLoyalty; and
Card Services provides private label, co-brand, general purpose and business credit card programs, digital payments, including Bread, and Comenity-branded financial services. Card Services provides risk management solutions, account origination, funding, transaction processing, customer care, collections and marketing services.

Corporate and other immaterial businesses are reported collectively as an “all other” category labeled “Corporate/Other.” Income taxes are not allocated to the segments in the computation of segment operating profit for internal evaluation purposes and have also been included in “Corporate/Other.”

Corporate/

Year Ended December 31, 2020

    

LoyaltyOne

    

Card Services

    

Other

    

Total

(in millions)

Revenues

$

764.8

$

3,756.5

$

0.1

$

4,521.4

Income (loss) before income taxes

$

111.0

$

501.5

$

(218.0)

$

394.5

Interest expense, net

 

(0.8)

 

385.4

 

109.3

 

493.9

Operating income (loss)

 

110.2

 

886.9

 

(108.7)

 

888.4

Depreciation and amortization

 

78.0

 

102.8

 

3.0

 

183.8

Stock compensation expense

 

5.5

7.0

 

8.8

 

21.3

Gain on sale of business, net of strategic transaction costs

(8.0)

(8.0)

Strategic transaction costs

0.4

0.3

15.2

15.9

Asset impairments

 

 

63.7

 

 

63.7

Restructuring and other charges

0.1

(8.3)

(8.2)

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

 

186.2

 

1,052.4

 

(81.7)

 

1,156.9

Less: Securitization funding costs

165.9

165.9

Less: Interest expense on deposits

219.5

219.5

Adjusted EBITDA, net (1)

$

186.2

$

667.0

$

(81.7)

$

771.5

Capital expenditures

$

24.3

$

29.4

$

0.3

$

54.0

Corporate/

Year Ended December 31, 2019

    

LoyaltyOne

    

Card Services

    

Other

    

Total

(in millions)

Revenues

$

1,033.1

$

4,547.8

$

0.4

$

5,581.3

Income (loss) before income taxes

$

103.1

$

991.7

$

(356.4)

$

738.4

Interest expense, net

 

2.3

 

439.0

 

127.7

 

569.0

Operating income (loss)

 

105.4

 

1,430.7

 

(228.7)

 

1,307.4

Depreciation and amortization

 

80.1

 

89.3

 

6.7

 

176.1

Stock compensation expense

7.2

9.3

8.6

25.1

Strategic transaction costs

1.0

10.7

11.7

Restructuring and other charges

50.8

29.4

37.9

118.1

Loss on extinguishment of debt

 

 

 

71.9

 

71.9

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

 

244.5

 

1,558.7

 

(92.9)

 

1,710.3

Less: Securitization funding costs

213.4

213.4

Less: Interest expense on deposits

225.6

225.6

Adjusted EBITDA, net (1)

$

244.5

$

1,119.7

$

(92.9)

$

1,271.3

Capital expenditures

$

41.5

$

44.2

$

0.8

$

86.5

    

    

    

    

Corporate/

Year Ended December 31, 2018

    

LoyaltyOne

    

Card Services

    

Other

    

Total

(in millions)

Revenues

$

1,068.4

$

4,597.6

$

0.6

$

5,666.6

Income (loss) before income taxes

$

153.8

$

1,381.6

$

(320.4)

$

1,215.0

Interest expense, net

 

5.6

 

385.9

 

150.8

 

542.3

Operating income (loss)

 

159.4

 

1,767.5

 

(169.6)

 

1,757.3

Depreciation and amortization

 

84.8

 

101.1

 

7.7

 

193.6

Stock compensation expense

 

10.0

 

13.3

 

21.1

 

44.4

Adjusted EBITDA (1)

 

254.2

 

1,881.9

 

(140.8)

 

1,995.3

Less: Securitization funding costs

220.2

220.2

Less: Interest expense on deposits

165.7

165.7

Adjusted EBITDA, net (1)

$

254.2

$

1,496.0

$

(140.8)

$

1,609.4

Capital expenditures

$

34.0

$

53.8

$

5.5

$

93.3

(1)Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure equal to income from continuing operations, the most directly comparable financial measure based on GAAP plus stock compensation expense, provision for income taxes, interest expense, net, depreciation and other amortization, and amortization of purchased intangibles. Adjusted EBITDA also excludes the gain on the sale of Precima, strategic transaction costs, which represent costs for professional services associated with strategic initiatives, asset impairments, restructuring and other charges, and loss related to the Company’s extinguishment of debt in July 2019.

Adjusted EBITDA, net is also a non-GAAP financial measure equal to adjusted EBITDA less securitization funding costs and interest expense on deposits. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA, net are presented in accordance with ASC 280 as they are the primary performance metrics utilized to assess performance of the segments.

The table below reconciles the reportable segments’ total assets to consolidated total assets:

LoyaltyOne

Card Services

Corporate/ Other

Total

(in millions)

Total Assets

December 31, 2020

$

2,422.3

$

19,884.6

$

240.2

$

22,547.1

December 31, 2019

$

2,338.0

$

23,931.1

$

225.7

$

26,494.8

With respect to information concerning principal geographic areas, revenues are based on the location of the subsidiary that generally correlates with the location of the customer. Information concerning principal geographic areas is as follows:

Europe,

    

United

    

    

Middle East

    

    

States

    

Canada

    

and Africa

    

Asia Pacific

    

Other

    

Total

(in millions)

Revenues

Year Ended December 31, 2020

$

3,767.7

$

286.9

$

332.6

$

80.5

$

53.7

$

4,521.4

Year Ended December 31, 2019

$

4,588.3

$

352.2

$

449.1

$

121.7

$

70.0

$

5,581.3

Year Ended December 31, 2018

$

4,621.3

$

411.3

$

463.2

$

122.0

$

48.8

$

5,666.6

Long Lived Assets

December 31, 2020

$

1,874.9

$

310.7

$

714.3

$

11.4

$

1.4

$

2,912.7

December 31, 2019

$

1,361.1

$

311.1

$

696.2

$

12.8

$

0.9

$

2,382.1

As of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, revenues from L Brands and its affiliates represented approximately 10.3%, 10.6% and 10.8%, respectively, of consolidated revenues and are included in the Card Services segment.

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.