COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments
We lease property and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Refer to Note 7—Leases for further details. In September 2020, we issued convertible senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of $230.0 million bearing an interest
rate of 1.00% due in September 2025. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we partially paid down the 2020 Convertible Senior Notes and issued 2024 Convertible Senior Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $172.5 million bearing an interest rate of 4.25% due on April 1, 2029. In connection with our acquisition of Bridg, we owe a brokerage fee as per the Settlement Agreement. In September 2025, we repaid in full at par the remaining $46.1 million aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Convertible Senior Notes, and as a result, the 2020 Convertible Senior Notes are no longer outstanding as of December 31, 2025. Refer to Note 9—Debt and Financing Arrangements for further details.
In January 2024, we renewed a cloud hosting agreement guaranteeing an aggregated spend of $17.0 million each year over the next thirty-six month period. During the second year of the agreement, we had $16.2 million of aggregated spend. As a result of the shortfall, we have accrued $0.8 million within accrued expenses liability on our consolidated balance sheets.
Litigation
From time to time, we may become involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business including, but not limited to, intellectual property infringement, collection matters and indemnifications. We make assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters using the latest information available. We record a liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is probable and a reasonable estimate of the loss is a range, we accrue the best estimate within the range. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue the minimum amount within the range. If an unfavorable outcome is probable but the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, we disclose the nature of the litigation and indicates that an estimate of the loss or range of loss cannot be made. If an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and the estimated loss is material, we disclose the nature and estimate of the possible loss of the litigation. We do not disclose information with respect to litigation where an unfavorable outcome is considered to be remote or where the estimated loss would not be material. Additionally, in the ordinary course of business, we have entered into indemnification agreements with directors and certain officers and employees that will require Cardlytics, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities and litigation that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors, officers or employees. To date, the Company has not incurred material costs in any year presented to settle claims related to these indemnification agreements, and the Company has not accrued any liabilities for these agreements as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
As part of the acquisition of Bridg, and pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, we agreed to make two earnout payments: the First Anniversary Payment Amount and the Second Anniversary Payment Amount, based on the First Anniversary ARR and the Second Anniversary ARR of Bridg, respectively. We were unable to reach an agreement with respect to the First Anniversary Payment Amount with the Stockholder Representative and submitted our dispute to an independent accountant as contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
On April 28, 2023, the independent accountant made its determination of the appropriate amount of the First Anniversary ARR, determining the First Anniversary ARR to be $23.2 million. After review of the determination by the independent accountant, we filed a verified complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery in May 2023 seeking declaratory judgment that a certain portion of the independent accountant's determination related to the First Anniversary ARR be stricken as null and void. Subsequently, on January 25, 2024, we entered into the Settlement Agreement with the Stockholder Representative to resolve all outstanding disputes related to the Merger Agreement, including the First Anniversary Payment Amount, pursuant to which we agreed to pay $25.0 million in cash and issue 3,600,000 shares of our common stock to the Stockholder Representative, inclusive of broker fees and transaction bonuses and to dismiss our verified complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery.
We are not presently a party to any other legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. Refer to Note 12—Fair Value Measurements for further information about the Bridg acquisition and related contingent consideration.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 4, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 12, 2025
2023Mar 14, 2024
2022Mar 1, 2023
2021Mar 1, 2022
2020Mar 1, 2021
2019Mar 3, 2020
2018Mar 5, 2019

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.