Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The following table presents the Company’s intangible assets (other than goodwill) and the related amortization:
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE
AMORTIZATION
PERIOD
(IN YEARS)
DECEMBER 31, 2025DECEMBER 31, 2024
GROSS
CARRYING
AMOUNT
ACCUMULATED
AMORTIZATION
NETGROSS
CARRYING
AMOUNT
ACCUMULATED
AMORTIZATION
NET
(In thousands)
Acquired software9.60$200,818 $(65,925)$134,893 $193,257 $(46,261)$146,996 
Capitalized software development costs2.51101,196 (64,739)36,457 74,684 (46,756)27,928 
Non-compete agreements3.172,748 (1,953)795 2,634 (1,630)1,004 
Trade names12.1159,998 (21,748)38,250 59,461 (18,472)40,989 
Customer relationships7.39498,341 (261,284)237,057 493,815 (225,549)268,266 
Patents2.00179 (155)24 172 (141)31 
Total$863,280 $(415,804)$447,476 $824,023 $(338,809)$485,214 
Amortization expense for intangible assets was $73,000, $66,039, and $54,519 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense of $18,607, $14,440, and $10,546 was recorded in cost of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
The remaining amortization of $54,393, $51,599, and $43,973 was recorded in operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
Based on the current amount of intangibles subject to amortization, the estimated annual amortization expense for each of the succeeding five years and thereafter is as follows:
ACQUIRED
SOFTWARE
CAPITALIZED
SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT
COSTS
NON-
COMPETE
AGREEMENTS
TRADE
NAMES
PATENTSCUSTOMER
RELATIONSHIPS
TOTAL
(In thousands)
2026$18,158 $16,606 $268 $3,269 $12 $33,669 $71,982 
202716,244 12,294 248 3,269 12 33,669 65,736 
202816,034 7,557 224 3,269 — 33,669 60,753 
202915,861 — 55 3,269 — 33,669 52,854 
203015,314 — — 3,269 — 33,401 51,984 
Thereafter53,282 — — 21,905 — 68,980 144,167 
Total$134,893 $36,457 $795 $38,250 $24 $237,057 $447,476 
Goodwill
The goodwill impairment test is performed at least annually at the reporting unit level. An interim test is performed when events or circumstances occur that may indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit may be less than its carrying value. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, the Company performed annual quantitative assessments of goodwill, with the most recent assessment performed on October 1, 2025. The annual quantitative assessments resulted in no impairment as the estimated fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value.
During the third quarter of 2023, the Company performed interim goodwill impairment tests for the prior regulatory writing reporting unit, which was integrated into the CDDS at the end of third quarter 2023. The fair value of the regulatory writing reporting unit was determined to be less than its carrying value, resulting in a goodwill impairment charge of $46,984 for the reporting unit. The fair value of that reporting unit was estimated using a combination of the discounted cash flow method and the guideline public company method. The decline in the fair value of the regulatory writing reporting unit was driven by revised revenue growth and profitability forecasts resulting from certain reductions in our financial planning assumptions. These reductions were primarily attributable to a decrease in demand from certain customer groups for the legacy reporting unit. As the result, the Company recorded impairment charges of $46,984 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill is as follows:
(In thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2023$716,333 
Goodwill associated with 2024 business acquisitions46,483 
Foreign currency translation (5,778)
Balance, December 31, 2024757,038 
Goodwill adjustment associated with 2024 business acquisitions2,947 
Tax adjustment to goodwill associated with previous business acquisitions(402)
Foreign currency translation 13,728 
Balance, December 31, 2025$773,311 

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.