11. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The guidance in ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers is based on the principle that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We are obligated under our contracts with customers to manufacture and supply products for use in our customers’ operations. We satisfy these performance obligations at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the products, which is the point in time that the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the products. This typically occurs upon shipment to the customer in accordance with purchase orders and delivery releases issued by our customers. There is judgment involved in determining when the customer obtains control of the products and we have utilized the following indicators of control in our assessment:

We have the present right to payment for the asset;
The customer has legal title to the asset;
We have transferred physical possession of the asset;
The customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset; and
The customer has accepted the asset.

Our product offerings by segment are as follows:

Driveline products consist primarily of front and rear axles, driveshafts, differential assemblies, clutch modules, balance shaft systems, disconnecting driveline technology, and electric and hybrid driveline products and systems for light trucks, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), crossover vehicles (CUVs), passenger cars and commercial vehicles; and
Metal Forming products consist primarily of engine, transmission, driveline and safety-critical components for traditional internal combustion engine and electric vehicle architectures including light vehicles, commercial vehicles and off-highway vehicles, as well as products for industrial markets.

Our contracts with customers, which are comprised of purchase orders and delivery releases issued by our customers, generally state the terms of the sale, including the quantity and price of each product purchased. Trade accounts receivable from our customers are generally due approximately 50 days from the date our customers receive our product. Our contracts typically do not contain variable consideration as the contracts include stated prices. We provide our customers with assurance type warranties, which are not separate performance obligations and are outside the scope of ASC 606. Refer to Note 10 - Commitments and Contingencies for further information on our product warranties.
Disaggregation of Net Sales

Net sales recognized from contracts with customers, disaggregated by segment and geographical location, are presented in the following table for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. Net sales are attributed to regions based on the location of production. Intersegment sales have been excluded from the table.

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2025
DrivelineMetal FormingTotal
(in millions)
North America$3,092.7 $1,246.9 $4,339.6 
Asia524.1 12.2 536.3 
Europe338.9 429.6 768.5 
South America103.5 88.8 192.3 
Total$4,059.2 $1,777.5 $5,836.7 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2024
DrivelineMetal FormingTotal
North America$3,136.7 $1,308.1 $4,444.8 
Asia589.3 22.5 611.8 
Europe442.1 454.7 896.8 
South America83.8 87.7 171.5 
Total$4,251.9 $1,873.0 $6,124.9 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023
DrivelineMetal FormingTotal
North America$3,133.8 $1,303.2 $4,437.0 
Asia506.4 38.3 544.7 
Europe441.2 472.2 913.4 
South America95.1 89.3 184.4 
Total$4,176.5 $1,903.0 $6,079.5 
Contract Assets and Liabilities

The following table summarizes our beginning and ending balances for accounts receivable and contract liabilities associated with our contracts with customers (in millions):
Accounts Receivable, NetContract Liabilities (Current)Contract Liabilities (Long-term)
December 31, 2024$709.1 $14.2 $37.0 
December 31, 2025733.0 38.5 33.9 
Increase/(decrease)$23.9 $24.3 $(3.1)

Contract liabilities relate to deferred revenue associated with various settlements and commercial agreements for which we have future performance obligations to the customer. We recognize this deferred revenue into revenue over the life of the associated program as we satisfy our performance obligations to the customer. We do not have contract assets as defined in ASC 606.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 we amortized $28.2 million and $18.7 million, respectively, of previously recorded contract liabilities into revenue as we satisfied performance obligations with our customers.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 13, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 14, 2025
2023Feb 16, 2024
2022Feb 17, 2023
2021Feb 11, 2022
2020Feb 12, 2021
2019Feb 14, 2020
2018Feb 15, 2019

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.