Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The Company records contract assets for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if it expects the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year and if such costs are material. Commission expenses, a primary cost associated with the sale of franchise licenses, are amortized to selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations ratably over the life of the associated franchise agreement.
Capitalized costs to obtain a contract as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $6 million and $7 million, respectively, and are presented within deferred commissions on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognized less than $1 million of costs during the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, that were recorded as a contract asset at the beginning of the periods.
Contract liabilities consist primarily of deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees. The Company had contract liabilities of $31 million and $29 million as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, which are presented within deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognized $4 million of revenue relating to contract liabilities during the year ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2023Feb 28, 2024Showing above
2022Mar 1, 2023
2021Mar 18, 2022

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.