12. Segment Reporting

 

The Company’s segment determination is based on the financial results that are regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker ("CODM") to determine resource allocation and assess performance. The Company's CODM is its chief executive officer. The Company has one operating and one reportable segment. Net long-lived assets are all physically located in the United States and the total assets of the segment equal the total assets presented on the consolidated balance sheet. The primary financial measure by which the CODM evaluates the business is net loss. The CODM uses net loss to monitor budget versus actual results to assess performance of the segment. A summary of the significant segment expenses reported to the CODM are shown below for the fiscal years ended:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Operating Expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Z-rostudirsen (DMD)

 

$

98,963

 

 

$

90,468

 

 

$

63,942

 

Z-basivarsen (DM1)

 

 

145,077

 

 

 

74,082

 

 

 

67,056

 

Platform and external research and development

 

 

30,831

 

 

 

26,514

 

 

 

13,169

 

Personnel related

 

 

86,467

 

 

 

63,321

 

 

 

48,907

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

45,851

 

 

 

45,864

 

 

 

19,972

 

Facility-related and other operating expenses

 

 

29,450

 

 

 

23,001

 

 

 

20,419

 

Professional and consulting fees

 

 

31,545

 

 

 

20,636

 

 

 

8,697

 

Interest income

 

 

(29,859

)

 

 

(26,922

)

 

 

(7,641

)

Interest expense

 

 

6,192

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expense, net

 

 

1,697

 

 

 

454

 

 

 

1,416

 

Net loss

 

$

446,214

 

 

$

317,418

 

 

$

235,937

 

 

The amounts disclosed above for z-rosturdirsen and z-basivarsen include only external expenses.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 2, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.