EUDA Health Holdings Ltd Segments Disclosure
Note 21 – Segment information
The Company presents segment information after elimination of inter-company transactions. In general, revenue, cost of revenue and operating expenses are directly attributable, or are allocated, to each segment. The Company allocates costs and expenses that are not directly attributable to a specific segment, such as those that support infrastructure across different segments, to different segments mainly on the basis of usage, revenue or headcount, depending on the nature of the relevant costs and expenses. The Company does not allocate assets to its segments as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) does not evaluate the performance of segments using asset information.
The Company evaluates performance and determines resource allocations based on a number of factors with the primary measurements being revenues and income/loss from operations of the Company’s two reportable segments: 1) Medical Services and 2) Property Management Services.
The following tables present the summary of each segment’s revenue, loss from operations, income (loss) before income taxes and net income (loss) which is considered as a segment operating performance measure, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Property | ||||||||||||
| Medical | Management | |||||||||||
| Services | Services | Total | ||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 6,076,414 | $ | 3,764,295 | $ | 9,840,709 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | $ | (2,463,593 | ) | $ | (2,991,371 | ) | $ | (5,454,964 | ) | |||
| Loss before income taxes | $ | (2,613,615 | ) | $ | (2,800,755 | ) | $ | (5,414,370 | ) | |||
| Net loss | $ | (2,651,826 | ) | $ | (2,779,966 | ) | $ | (5,431,792 | ) | |||
Reconciliation of the Company’s segment net loss before income taxes to the consolidated statement of operation and comprehensive income (loss)’s net loss before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows:
| Segment loss before income tax | $ | 5,414,370 | ||
| Change in fair value of prepaid forward purchase liabilities | (12,911,503 | ) | ||
| Earnout share payment | (5,199,629 | ) | ||
| Other corporate expenses | (1,406,322 | ) | ||
| Consolidated net loss before income taxes | $ | (24,931,824 | ) |
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Property | ||||||||||||
| Medical | Management | |||||||||||
| Services | Services | Consolidated | ||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 5,986,030 | $ | 4,558,520 | $ | 10,544,550 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | $ | (1,186,885 | ) | $ | (41,342 | ) | $ | (1,228,227 | ) | |||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | (1,239,438 | ) | $ | 2,187,975 | $ | 948,537 | |||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (1,241,091 | ) | $ | 2,141,487 | $ | 900,396 | |||||
The accounting principles for the Company’s revenue by segment are set out in Note 3.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s total assets were composed of $2,176,405 for medical services, $335,068 for property management services and $23,117,567 for corporate.
As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s total assets were composed of $1,478,872 for medical services and $6,412,439 for property management services.
As substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets are located in Singapore and all of the Company’s revenue is derived from Singapore, no geographical information is presented.
About Segments Disclosures
Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.
Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.