(ad) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, to update reportable segment disclosure requirements. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendment should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Group adopted this ASU on January 1, 2024 with no material impact to the Group’s consolidated financial statements. The required segment disclosures are included above.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU amends existing income tax disclosure guidance, primarily requiring more detailed disclosure for income taxes paid and the effective tax rate reconciliation. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and the ASU can be applied on either a prospective or retroactive basis. The Group adopted this ASU on January 1, 2025 prospectively. See Note 15 for further details.
(ae) Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The ASU amends existing income statement disclosure guidance, primarily requiring disaggregated disclosure of specific expense categories, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and intangible asset amortization. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted and the ASU can be applied on either a prospective or retroactive basis. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The amendments in this update provide a practical expedient permitting an entity to assume that conditions at the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the life of the asset when estimating expected credit losses for current classified accounts receivable and contract assets. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those annual reporting years. If the practical expedient is elected, the amendments should be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, and does not expect this ASU to have a material impact.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. The amendments in this update improve the operability of the guidance by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those annual reporting years. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The amendments in the update permit an entity to apply the new guidance using any of the three transition approaches: a prospective transition approach, a modified transition approach and a retrospective transition approach. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-10, Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities. The amendments in this update establish authoritative guidance on the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of government grants. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2028, including interim periods within those annual reporting years, with early adoption permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. The amendments clarify the guidance in Topic 270 to improve the consistency of interim financial reporting. The update provides a comprehensive list of required interim disclosures and introduces a disclosure principle requiring entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those annual reporting years, with early adoption permitted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.