Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes product revenue upon shipment or after meeting certain performance obligations. These products can include hardware, software subscriptions and consulting services. The Company also offers software on a subscription basis subject to SaaS. Warranty costs have not been material.

 

The Company recognizes sales of the Company’s data sets in accordance with ASC Topic 606 whereby revenue from contracts with customers are recognized once the criteria under the five steps below are met:

 

  i) identification of the contract with a customer;
     
  ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
     
  iii) determination of the transaction price;
     
  iv) allocation of the transaction price to the separate performance obligations; and
     
  v) recognition of revenue upon satisfaction of a performance obligation.

 

Consulting services include reporting and are typically done monthly, and revenue is matched accordingly. Product sales may include maintenance and customer support allocated revenue in an arrangement using estimated selling prices of the delivered goods and services based on a selling price hierarchy using the relative selling price method. All product offering and service offering market values are readily determined based on current and prior stand-alone sales. The Company defers and recognizes maintenance, updates, and support revenue over the term of the contract period, which is generally one year.

 

Normal payment terms offered to customers, distributors and resellers are net 30 days domestically. The Company does not offer payment terms that extend beyond one year and rarely does it extend payment terms beyond normal terms. If certain customers do not meet credit standards, the Company requires payments in advance to limit credit exposure.

 

With the Company’s newest product, INTRUSION Shield, the Company began offering software on a subscription basis. INTRUSION Shield is a hosted arrangement subject to SaaS guidance under ASC Topic 606. SaaS arrangements are accounted for as subscription services, not arrangements that transfer a license of intellectual property.

 

The Company utilizes the five-step process mentioned above, per ASC Topic 606 to recognize sales and will follow that directive, also, to define revenue items as individual and distinct. INTRUSION Shield services are provided to customers for a fixed monthly subscription fee include:

 

  · access to Intrusion’s proprietary software and database to detect and prevent unauthorized access to clients’ information networks;
  · use of all software, associated media, printed materials, data, files, online documentation, and any equipment that Intrusion provides for customers to access the INTRUSION Shield; and
  · tech support, PCS includes daily program releases or corrections provided by Intrusion without additional charge.

 

INTRUSION Shield contracts provide for no other services, and the Company’s customers have no rebates or return rights, nor are there any such rights anticipated to be offered as part of this service.

 

The Company satisfies performance obligations when the INTRUSION Shield solution is available to detect and prevent unauthorized access to a client’s information networks. Revenue is recognized monthly over the term of the contract. The Company’s standard initial contract terms automatically renew unless notice is given 30 days before renewal. Upfront payment of fees is deferred and amortized into income over the period covered by the contract.

 

The Company’s accounts receivable represents unconditional contract billings for sales per contracts with customers and are classified as current assets. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company had accounts receivable balance of $0.2 million, $0.4 million, and $0.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company had an allowance for credit losses of $0.1 million.

 

Contract liabilities consist of cash payments in advance of the Company satisfying performance obligations and recognizing revenue. The Company classifies contract liabilities as deferred revenue.

 

The following table presents changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 (in thousands):

        
   December 31, 2024   December 31, 2023 
Balance at beginning of year  $439   $455 
Additions   3,914    4,727 
Revenue recognized   (3,623)   (4,743)
Balance at end of year  $730   $439 

 

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.