INCOME TAXES
 
The U.S. and foreign income before income taxes for the respective years consisted of the following:
 202520242023
United States$(11,745)$(32,560)$16,070 
Foreign2,466 2,698 9,754 
 $(9,279)$(29,862)$25,824 

Income tax expense for the respective years consisted of the following:
 202520242023
Current:   
Federal$1,595 $159 $7,631 
State597 40 2,267 
Foreign2,193 1,618 3,286 
Deferred20,630 (5,146)(6,894)
 $25,015 $(3,329)$6,290 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at the end of the respective years are presented below:
 20252024
Deferred tax assets:  
Inventories$5,139 $6,126 
Compensation5,437 4,386 
Lease liabilities
10,299 10,746 
Tax credit carryforwards1,670 2,272 
Net operating loss carryforwards9,407 5,374 
Research and Experimental Expenditures12,881 8,846 
Other7,820 7,510 
Total gross deferred tax assets52,653 45,260 
Less valuation allowance35,725 6,367 
Deferred tax assets16,928 38,893 
Deferred tax liabilities:  
Goodwill and other intangibles2,200 1,395 
Right of Use assets
9,806 10,316 
Depreciation and amortization3,097 4,941 
Foreign statutory reserves812 734 
Net deferred tax assets$1,013 $21,507 
 
The net deferred tax assets recorded in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the years ended October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024 were as follows:
 20252024
Non-current assets$3,074 $23,420 
Non-current liabilities2,061 1,913 
Net deferred tax assets$1,013 $21,507 

The significant differences between the statutory federal tax rate and the effective income tax rates for the Company for the respective years shown below were as follows:
 202520242023
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
State income tax, net of federal benefit4.6 %2.2 %3.4 %
Uncertain tax positions, net of settlements2.0 %— %(0.3)%
Foreign-derived intangible income ("FDII") deduction1.7 %— %(2.3)%
Foreign tax rate differences(4.6)%(4.5)%2.2 %
Compensation(9.0)%(3.8)%2.4 %
Changes in estimates related to prior years tax return filing8.2 %(0.2)%(1.3)%
Goodwill impairment— %(7.3)%— %
Deferred tax asset - valuation allowance(294.4)%3.5 %1.7 %
Tax Credits2.6 %1.6 %(2.5)%
Other(1.7)%(1.4)%0.1 %
 (269.6)%11.1 %24.4 %

The Company considered both positive and negative evidence in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance relating to the deferred tax assets of the U.S. tax jurisdiction. Based on projections for the U.S. tax jurisdictions the Company determined that it was more likely than not that certain deferred tax assets will not be realized and a valuation allowance balance of $25,880 was reported against the net deferred tax assets for the U.S.

The Company’s net operating loss carryforwards and their expirations as of October 3, 2025 were as follows:
 StateForeignTotal
Year of expiration   
2026-2030$2,624 $13,874 $16,498 
2031-20351,946 4,166 6,112 
2036-20405,263 — 5,263 
2041-2045994 — 994 
Indefinite5,589 23,361 28,950 
Total$16,416 $41,401 $57,817 

The Company has tax credit carryforwards as follows:
 StateFederalTotal
Year of expiration   
2026-2030$1,158 $— $1,158 
2031-2035478 — 478 
2036-204034 — 34 
2041-2045— — — 
Total$1,670 $— $1,670 
 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits follows:
20252024
Beginning balance$6,072 $6,096 
Gross increases - tax positions in prior period— — 
Gross decreases - tax positions in prior period— — 
Gross increases - tax positions in current period465 460 
Settlements— — 
Lapse of statute of limitations
(695)(484)
Ending balance$5,842 $6,072 
 
The total accrued interest and penalties with respect to income taxes was $2,022 and $2,014 for the years ended October 3, 2025 and September 27, 2024, respectively.  The Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of October 3, 2025 was $5,842, and if recognized, $4,934 of such amount would have an effective tax rate impact.

In accordance with its accounting policy, the Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.  Interest and penalties of $8, $101 and $47 were recorded as a component of income tax expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations during fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company’s policy is to remit earnings from foreign subsidiaries only to the extent the remittance does not result in an incremental U.S. tax liability. The Company does not currently provide for the additional U.S. and foreign income taxes which would become payable upon remission of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. If all undistributed earnings were remitted, an additional income tax provision of approximately $6.1 million would have been necessary as of October 3, 2025.
The Company files income tax returns, including returns for its subsidiaries, with federal, state, local and foreign taxing jurisdictions. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits recognized within the next twelve months may decrease due to expiration of the statute of limitations for certain years in various jurisdictions. The Company is under examination in Germany for fiscal years 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 with anticipated completion next fiscal year with no material adjustments. It is possible in the future that other jurisdictions may open an audit prior to the statute expiring that may result in adjustments to the Company’s tax filings. At this time, an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change cannot be made.
The following tax years remain subject to examination by the Company's respective major tax jurisdictions:
JurisdictionFiscal Years
United States2022-2025
Canada2021-2025
France2021-2025
Germany2019-2025
Italy2023-2025
Switzerland2015-2025
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill (OBBB) Act, which includes a broad range of tax reform provisions, was signed into law in the United States. The Company does not believe it will have a significant impact on its estimated annual effective tax rate.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Dec 12, 2025Showing above
2024Dec 11, 2024
2023Dec 8, 2023
2022Dec 9, 2022
2021Dec 10, 2021
2020Dec 11, 2020
2019Dec 6, 2019
2018Dec 7, 2018
2017Dec 8, 2017
2016Dec 13, 2016
2015Dec 8, 2015

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.