LIGHTPATH TECHNOLOGIES INC Segments Disclosure
17. Segment Reporting
The Company has one reportable operating segment, the optics segment that is managed on a consolidated basis. The optics segment designs and manufactures products at locations in the U.S., Europe and Asia and manages the business activities on a consolidated basis. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) is the chief executive officer. The chief operating decision maker assesses performance for the optics segment and decides how to allocate resources based on consolidated net loss that also is reported on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) as consolidated net loss. The types of products and services from which the optics segments derives its revenues is described in Note 4, Revenue. The accounting policies of the optics segment are the same as those described in Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies, to these Consolidated Financial Statements. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheet as total assets. See Note 4, Revenue for detail about revenue by product and service group, and Note 16, Foreign Operations, for geographic information. See Note 18, Supplier and Customer Concentrations, for information about major customers.
The CODM uses consolidated net loss to evaluate income generated from segment assets, and to determine whether to invest in new capabilities related to this segment. The CODM monitors budget to actual results for revenue, gross profit, operating expenses and net loss on a consolidated basis. The CODM reporting package includes non-operating items to reconcile to net income. The following table represents the financial information regularly reviewed by the CODM, in addition to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Interest expense is reported on consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) as interest expense, net; depreciation and amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, and total expenditures for long-lived assets are reported on the consolidated statement of cash flows.
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| Optics Segment |
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| Year Ended June 30, |
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| 2025 |
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| 2024 |
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Revenue |
| $ | 37,202,630 |
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| $ | 31,726,192 |
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Cost of goods sold |
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| 27,072,516 |
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|
| 23,094,946 |
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Segment gross profit |
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| 10,130,114 |
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|
| 8,631,246 |
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Less: |
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Sales & marketing |
|
| 3,153,185 |
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|
| 2,055,822 |
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General & administrative |
|
| 6,560,277 |
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|
| 5,145,411 |
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Corporate |
|
| 6,101,165 |
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|
| 5,096,150 |
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New product development |
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| 3,063,772 |
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|
| 2,400,420 |
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Loss on disposal of equipment |
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| 99,334 |
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|
| 124,584 |
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Amortization of intangible assets |
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| 1,414,817 |
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|
| 1,635,523 |
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Change in fair value of acquisition liabilities |
|
| 1,560,445 |
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|
| — |
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Interest expense, net |
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| 1,118,213 |
|
|
| 191,862 |
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Other non-operating income (expense)(1) |
|
| 1,894,298 |
|
|
| (78,670 | ) |
Provision for income taxes |
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| 37,790 |
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|
| 67,490 |
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Segment net loss |
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| (14,873,182 | ) |
|
| (8,007,346 | ) |
Reconciliation of profit or loss |
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Adjustments and reconciling items |
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| — |
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| — |
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Consolidated net loss |
| $ | (14,873,182 | ) |
| $ | (8,007,346 | ) |
(1) Other non-operating income (expense) includes loss on extinguishment of debt, change in fair value of warrant liability, and other income (expense), net, each of which is presented on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
About Segments Disclosures
Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.
Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.