NOTE 12 - INCOME TAXES

 

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”), which significantly changed U.S. tax law. The Act lowered the Company’s U.S. statutory federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, while also imposing a deemed repatriation tax on previously deferred foreign income. The Act also created a new minimum tax on certain future foreign earnings.

 

We record tax positions as liabilities in accordance with ASC 740 and adjust these liabilities when our judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Because of the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the recognized tax benefit liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which new information is available. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023 we have not recorded any uncertain tax positions in our financial statements.

 

The effective US Federal Income Corporate Tax Rates for 2024 and 2023 are 21% and 21%, respectively.

 

The Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $14,650,382 at December 31, 2024 that do not expire. However, utilization of these losses may be limited pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code due to subsequent stock issuances.

 

The Company has a deferred tax asset as shown in the following:

 

 

   2024   2023 
   For the years ended December 31, 
   2024   2023 
Current  $-    - 
Deferred  $-    - 
Provision for income taxes  $-    - 

 

   As of
December 31,2024
   As of
December 31,2023
 
Deferred tax assets:          
Net operating loss carryforwards  $3,076,580   $1,748,594 
Stock Based Compensation   947,164    452,574 
Depreciation   6,692    4,606 
Amortization of intangible assets   3,854    - 
Total deferred tax assets   4,034,291    2,205,774 
Less: valuation allowance   (4,034,291)   (2,205,774)
Deferred tax assets, net  $-   $- 

 

   As of
December 31, 2024
   As of
December 31, 2023
 
Income tax payable  $        -   $        - 

 

SCHEDULE OF INCOME TAX EXPENSE

   2024  2023
   For the years ended
   December 31,
   2024  2023
Profit (loss) before income taxes  $(8,707,226)  $(9,212,417)
US Fed Income Tax rate   21.00%   21.00%
Income taxes computed at Fed Income Tax rate   (1,828,517)   (1,934,608)
Reconciling items:          
Tax effect of income that is not taxable        
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible*       152,143 
Change in valuation allowance   1,828,517    1,782,465 
           
Income tax expense  $   $ 

 

*Expenses that are not deductible mainly consist of share issuance-related fees which are non-deductible for income tax purposes.

 

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.