Note 9: Income Taxes

The Company files United States federal income tax returns, and Virginia, West Virginia and North Carolina state income tax returns. All of the Company's pre-tax earnings were derived from domestic sources. The Company has not and does not expect to file income tax returns with foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2022. Allocation of income tax expense between current and deferred portions for the period indicated is as follows:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Current federal tax expense

 

$

2,636

 

 

$

2,383

 

Deferred federal tax expense (benefit)

 

 

704

 

 

 

(884

)

Total federal income tax expense

 

$

3,340

 

 

$

1,499

 

 

The following reconciles the “expected” income tax expense, computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% to income before tax expense, with the reported income tax expense as of the period indicated:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

Computed “expected” income tax expense

 

$

4,025

 

 

21.00

%

 

$

1,916

 

 

21.00

%

Nondeductible or nontaxable items

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax-exempt interest income

 

 

(790

)

 

(4.12

)%

 

 

(766

)

 

(8.40

)%

Nondeductible interest expense

 

 

244

 

 

1.27

%

 

 

291

 

 

3.19

%

BOLI income

 

 

(251

)

 

(1.31

)%

 

 

(234

)

 

(2.57

)%

Amortization of municipal bond premiums

 

 

98

 

 

0.51

%

 

 

99

 

 

1.09

%

Nondeductible merger related expenses

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

 

190

 

 

2.08

%

Other, net (1)

 

 

14

 

 

0.07

%

 

 

3

 

 

0.03

%

Reported income tax expense

 

$

3,340

 

 

17.43

%

 

$

1,499

 

 

16.43

%

 

(1)
Other differences stem primarily from dividends paid to the Company's employee stock ownership program.

 

The components of net deferred tax assets, included in other assets as of the dates indicated, are as follows:

 

 

December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for credit losses and deferred fees and costs

 

$

2,334

 

 

$

2,407

 

Deferred compensation and other liabilities

 

 

1,074

 

 

 

1,171

 

Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale

 

 

10,889

 

 

 

16,506

 

Accrued expense

 

 

-

 

 

 

2

 

Lease accounting

 

 

391

 

 

 

275

 

Unvested stock-based compensation

 

 

13

 

 

 

5

 

Fair value adjustments to acquired assets

 

 

1,165

 

 

 

1,562

 

Net operating loss of FCB, acquired

 

 

115

 

 

 

130

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

$

15,981

 

 

$

22,058

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Defined benefit pension plan

 

$

(343

)

 

 

(87

)

Premises and equipment

 

 

(851

)

 

 

(857

)

Goodwill

 

 

(1,228

)

 

 

(1,228

)

Core deposit intangibles

 

 

(313

)

 

 

(391

)

Defined benefit pension plan, prepaid portion

 

 

(2,790

)

 

 

(2,674

)

Lease accounting

 

 

(384

)

 

 

(269

)

Discount accretion of securities

 

 

(159

)

 

 

(175

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(6,068

)

 

 

(5,681

)

Net deferred tax assets

 

$

9,913

 

 

$

16,377

 

 

The Company determined that no valuation allowance for gross deferred tax assets was necessary as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

 

The amount of cash income taxes paid by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $2,209 and $715, respectively. All payments were for U.S. federal income taxes.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 27, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 28, 2025
2023Mar 19, 2024
2022Mar 10, 2023
2021Mar 11, 2022
2020Mar 18, 2021
2019Mar 11, 2020
2018Mar 13, 2019
2017Mar 14, 2018
2016Mar 8, 2017
2015Mar 9, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.