16. Business segment information

The Company's operations are managed through two reporting segments: Global Spine and Global Limb Reconstruction. These reporting segments represent the operating segments for which the President and Chief Executive Officer, who is also the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), reviews financial information and makes resource allocation decisions among businesses. The primary metric used by the CODM in managing the Company is adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization ("adjusted EBITDA", a non-GAAP financial measure). Adjusted EBITDA represents earnings before interest income (expense), income taxes, depreciation and amortization, and excludes the impact of share-based compensation, gains and losses related to changes in foreign exchange rates, charges related to the SeaSpine Merger and other strategic investments, restructuring costs and impairments related to the discontinuation of the M6 product lines, acquisition-related fair value adjustments, gains and/or losses on investments, litigation and investigation charges, succession charges, charges related to initial compliance with regulations set forth by the European Union Medical Device Regulation, and refunds associated with the employee retention credit established by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.

Corporate activities are comprised of operating expenses not directly identifiable within the two reporting segments, such as human resources, finance, legal, and information technology functions. The Company neither discretely allocates assets, other than goodwill, to its operating segments nor evaluates the operating segments using discrete asset information.

Global Spine

The Global Spine reporting segment offers two primary product categories: (i) Bone Growth Therapies and (ii) Spinal Implants, Biologics, and Enabling Technologies.

The Bone Growth Therapies product category manufactures, distributes, sells, and provides support services for market-leading devices used adjunctively in high-risk spinal fusion procedures and to treat both nonunion and acute fractures in the orthopedic space. These Class III medical devices are indicated as an adjunctive, noninvasive treatment to improve fusion success rates in the cervical and lumbar spine as well as a therapeutic treatment for non-spinal, appendicular fractures, treating both fresh or nonunion fractures. These products are sold almost exclusively in the U.S., using distributors and direct sales representatives to provide these devices to healthcare providers and their patients.

Spinal Implants, Biologics, and Enabling Technologies comprises (i) a broad portfolio of spine fixation implant products used in surgical procedures of the spine, (ii) one of the most comprehensive biologics portfolios in both the demineralized bone matrix and cellular allograft market segments, and (iii) image-guided surgical solutions to facilitate degenerative, minimally invasive, and complex surgical procedures. Spinal Implants, Biologics, and Enabling Technologies products are sold through a network of distributors and sales representatives to hospitals and healthcare providers on a global basis for Spinal Implants and Enabling Technologies, and primarily within the U.S. for Biologics.

Global Limb Reconstruction

The Global Limb Reconstruction reporting segment offers products and solutions for the underserved limb reconstruction market that encompasses four pillars: deformity correction, limb lengthening, complex fracture management, and limb preservation. This reporting segment specializes in the design, development, and marketing of external and internal fixation limb reconstruction products that are coupled with enabling digital technologies to serve the complete patient treatment pathway. The Company sells

these products worldwide through a global network of distributors and sales representatives to hospitals, healthcare organizations, and healthcare providers.

The table below presents net sales by major product category by reporting segment:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

Net Sales

 

 

Percent of
Total Net
Sales

 

 

Net Sales

 

 

Percent of
Total Net
Sales

 

 

Net Sales

 

 

Percent of
Total Net
Sales

 

Bone Growth Therapies

 

$

247,164

 

 

 

30.0

%

 

$

233,405

 

 

 

29.2

%

 

$

212,530

 

 

 

28.5

%

Spinal Implants, Biologics, and Enabling Technologies

 

 

440,491

 

 

 

53.6

%

 

 

441,909

 

 

 

55.3

%

 

 

418,789

 

 

 

56.1

%

Global Spine

 

 

687,655

 

 

 

83.6

%

 

 

675,314

 

 

 

84.5

%

 

 

631,319

 

 

 

84.6

%

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

134,657

 

 

 

16.4

%

 

 

124,177

 

 

 

15.5

%

 

 

115,322

 

 

 

15.4

%

Net sales

 

$

822,312

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

$

799,491

 

 

 

100.0

%

 

$

746,641

 

 

 

100.0

%

The following table presents adjusted EBITDA, the primary metric used in managing the Company, by reporting segment:

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2025

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

Global Spine

 

 

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

Total

 

Segment revenues

 

$

687,655

 

 

$

134,657

 

 

$

822,312

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Cost of sales

 

 

177,585

 

 

 

53,128

 

 

 

230,713

 

Non-GAAP Sales, general, and administrative

 

 

380,659

 

 

 

75,727

 

 

 

456,386

 

Non-GAAP Research and development

 

 

45,570

 

 

 

11,542

 

 

 

57,112

 

Other segment expenses (benefits)

 

 

10,447

 

 

 

(225

)

 

 

10,222

 

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Depreciation, amortization, and share-based compensation expense

 

 

39,200

 

 

 

11,772

 

 

 

50,972

 

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

112,594

 

 

$

6,257

 

 

$

118,851

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reconciling items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate operating expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

32,987

 

Interest expense, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,488

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

77,321

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,688

 

Foreign exchange impact

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,910

)

SeaSpine merger-related costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,093

 

Restructuring costs and impairments related to M6 product lines

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,305

 

Strategic investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,915

 

Acquisition-related fair value adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,140

)

Interest and loss on investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(48

)

Litigation and investigation costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,788

 

Employee retention credit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,826

)

Loss before income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(90,810

)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2024

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

Global Spine

 

 

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

Total

 

Segment Revenues

 

$

675,314

 

 

$

124,177

 

 

$

799,491

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Cost of sales

 

 

183,064

 

 

 

48,638

 

 

 

231,702

 

Non-GAAP Sales, general, and administrative

 

 

368,817

 

 

 

70,185

 

 

 

439,002

 

Non-GAAP Research and development

 

 

58,262

 

 

 

13,154

 

 

 

71,416

 

Other segment expenses (benefits)

 

 

(22

)

 

 

(54

)

 

 

(76

)

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Depreciation, amortization, and share-based compensation expense

 

 

42,193

 

 

 

12,367

 

 

 

54,560

 

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

107,386

 

 

$

4,621

 

 

$

112,007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reconciling items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate operating expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

44,591

 

Interest expense, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

29,631

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

60,061

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,455

 

Foreign exchange impact

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,395

 

SeaSpine merger-related costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,485

 

Strategic investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

910

 

Acquisition-related fair value adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19,088

 

Interest and loss on investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,120

 

Litigation and investigation costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,770

 

Succession charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,376

 

Loss before income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(123,875

)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2023

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

Global Spine

 

 

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

Total

 

Segment Revenues

 

$

631,319

 

 

$

115,322

 

 

$

746,641

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Cost of sales

 

 

166,885

 

 

 

47,928

 

 

 

214,813

 

Non-GAAP Sales, general, and administrative

 

 

355,827

 

 

 

67,815

 

 

 

423,642

 

Non-GAAP Research and development

 

 

56,512

 

 

 

10,726

 

 

 

67,238

 

Other segment expenses (benefits)

 

 

45

 

 

 

(82

)

 

 

(37

)

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-GAAP Depreciation, amortization, and share-based compensation expense

 

 

39,065

 

 

 

11,507

 

 

 

50,572

 

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

91,115

 

 

$

442

 

 

$

91,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reconciling items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate operating expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

45,272

 

Interest expense, net

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8,631

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53,063

 

Share-based compensation expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

35,707

 

Foreign exchange impact

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,581

)

SeaSpine merger-related costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

36,577

 

Strategic investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,272

 

Acquisition-related fair value adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,393

 

Interest and loss on investments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,781

 

Litigation and investigation costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,453

 

Succession charges

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,176

 

Medical device regulation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,492

 

Loss before income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(148,679

)

The following table presents depreciation, amortization, and related impairments by reporting segment:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Global Spine

 

$

66,315

 

 

$

49,507

 

 

$

41,213

 

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

8,629

 

 

 

7,748

 

 

 

7,158

 

Corporate

 

 

2,377

 

 

 

2,806

 

 

 

4,692

 

Total

 

$

77,321

 

 

$

60,061

 

 

$

53,063

 

 

Geographical information

The table below presents net sales by geographic destination for each reporting segment and for the consolidated Company:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Global Spine

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S.

 

$

645,139

 

 

$

639,196

 

 

$

591,937

 

International

 

 

42,516

 

 

 

36,118

 

 

 

39,382

 

Total Global Spine

 

 

687,655

 

 

 

675,314

 

 

 

631,319

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S.

 

$

38,927

 

 

$

33,620

 

 

$

28,892

 

International

 

 

95,730

 

 

 

90,557

 

 

 

86,430

 

Total Global Limb Reconstruction

 

 

134,657

 

 

 

124,177

 

 

 

115,322

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S.

 

$

684,066

 

 

$

672,816

 

 

$

620,829

 

International

 

 

138,246

 

 

 

126,675

 

 

 

125,812

 

Net sales

 

$

822,312

 

 

$

799,491

 

 

$

746,641

 

The following data includes net sales by geographic destination:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

U.S.

 

$

684,066

 

 

$

672,816

 

 

$

620,829

 

Italy

 

 

22,277

 

 

 

21,001

 

 

 

20,060

 

United Kingdom

 

 

13,334

 

 

 

11,183

 

 

 

10,910

 

France

 

 

11,959

 

 

 

13,385

 

 

 

11,096

 

Germany

 

 

9,107

 

 

 

9,004

 

 

 

11,467

 

Brazil

 

 

4,836

 

 

 

5,707

 

 

 

6,452

 

Others

 

 

76,733

 

 

 

66,395

 

 

 

65,827

 

Net sales

 

$

822,312

 

 

$

799,491

 

 

$

746,641

 

The following data includes property, plant, and equipment, net by geographic area:

(U.S. Dollars, in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

U.S.

 

$

114,483

 

 

$

125,541

 

Italy

 

 

9,893

 

 

 

9,472

 

Germany

 

 

1,360

 

 

 

1,904

 

Others

 

 

3,663

 

 

 

2,887

 

Total

 

$

129,399

 

 

$

139,804

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 24, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 25, 2025
2023Mar 5, 2024
2022Mar 6, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2019Feb 24, 2020
2018Feb 25, 2019
2017Feb 26, 2018
2016Feb 27, 2017
2015Feb 29, 2016

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.