Note 3 - Stock-based Compensation

 

The Processa Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) allows us to make grants of stock options, restricted and unrestricted stock and other stock-based awards to employees, including our executive officers, consultants and directors. The 2019 Plan originally provided for the aggregate issuance of 150,000 shares of our common stock. On June 28, 2024, our shareholders approved an increase of shares available under the 2019 Plan, which now provides for the aggregate issuance of 800,000 shares of our common stock. At December 31, 2024, we have 353,641 shares available for future grants.

 

Stock Compensation Expense

 

We recorded stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 as follows:

 

   2024   2023 
   Year Ended
December 31,
 
   2024   2023 
Research and development  $169,414   $363,956 
General and administrative   460,100    2,007,258 
Total  $629,514   $2,371,214 

 

No tax benefits were attributed to the stock-based compensation expense because a valuation allowance was maintained for all net deferred tax assets relating to this expense.

 

Stock Options

 

The following table summarizes our stock option activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024:

 

   Total options Outstanding   Weighted average exercise price   Weighted average remaining contractual life
(in years)
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2023   8,943   $341.34      
Options granted   -           
Forfeited or expired   (1,951)   257.28      
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023   6,992    364.72    2.1 
Options granted   -           
Forfeited or expired   (4,245)   336.00      
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2024   2,747   $409.09    3.7 

 

No forfeiture rate was applied to these stock options. The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options, all of which are exercisable, was $0 at both December 31, 2023 and 2024. No stock options were exercised during the years ended December 31, 2023 or 2024 and there is no unamortized expense at December 31, 2024 since the options are fully vested.

 

 

Restricted Stock Awards

 

The following table summarizes our restricted stock award (RSA) activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024:

 

   Number of
shares
   Weighted-
average
grant-date fair
value per share
 
Unvested as of January 1, 2023   3,095   $94.44 
Granted   10,750    14.59 
Forfeited   (1,250)   133.00 
Cancelled   (2,555)   22.13 
Vested and issued   (8,790)   24.44 
Unvested as of December 31, 2023   1,250    9.26 
Granted   -    - 
Forfeited   -    - 
Cancelled   -    - 
Vested and issued   (1,250)   9.26 
           
Unvested as of December 31, 2024   -   $- 

 

Restricted Stock Units

 

The following table summarizes our restricted stock unit (RSU) activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024:

 

   Number of
shares
   Weighted-
average
grant-date fair
value per share
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2023   135,741   $73.81 
Granted   116,078    14.18 
Forfeited   (12,296)   21.69 
Cancelled   (16,801)   71.36 
Issued   (17,093)   110.59 
Outstanding at December 31, 2023   222,722    45.82 
Granted   192,026    1.63 
Forfeited   (14,019)   71.68 
Issued   (17,093)   110.59 
           
Outstanding at December 31, 2024   383,636    19.87 
Vested and unissued   (149,013)   43.10 
           
Unvested at December 31, 2024   234,623   $5.11 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we granted the following RSUs:

 

On June 28, 2024, we granted RSUs for the future issuance of 39,202 shares of common stock to our employees which vest accordingly: RSUs for the future issuance of 14,969 shares of common stock vest on January 1, 2025; RSUs for the future issuance of 18,173 shares of common stock vest over a three-year period upon meeting service requirements; RSUs for the future issuance of 3,030 shares of common stock vested upon grant due to regaining Nasdaq compliance; and RSUs for the future issuance of 3,030 shares of common stock vested on October 2, 2024 when we dosed the first patient in our Phase 2 study in NGC-Cap.
   
On July 16, 2024, Russell Skibsted was appointed as our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). In addition to cash compensation, the Compensation Committee awarded RSUs for the future issuance of 28,000 shares of common stock to Mr. Skibsted, which vest accordingly: 14,000 vest on July 16, 2025; 7,000 vest upon reaching a market capitalization (i.e. total value of Processa’s outstanding shares of stock at the then current market price) of at least $30 million; and 7,000 vest upon receipt of cumulative financing(s) of at least $15 million.

 

 

On September 3, 2024, RSUs for the future issuance of 124,824 shares of common stock were granted to our independent directors and vest on the earlier of June 28, 2025 or the next annual shareholder meeting.
   
At December 31, 2024, unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for RSUs of approximately $613,000 is expected to be fully recognized over a weighted average period of 0.7 years. The unrecognized expense excludes $432,060 related to certain RSUs with a performance milestone that is not currently probable of occurring.

 

Holders of our vested RSUs will be issued shares of our common stock upon the satisfaction of the distribution restrictions contained in their Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement. The distribution restrictions are typically different (longer) than the vesting schedule, imposing an additional restriction on the holder. Unlike RSAs, while employees may hold fully vested RSUs, the individual does not hold any shares or have any rights of a shareholder until the distribution restrictions are met. Upon distribution to the employee, each RSU converts into one share of our common stock. The RSUs contain dividend equivalent rights.

 

Warrants

 

The following table summarizes our warrant activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024.

 

   Total warrants outstanding   Weighted average exercise price   Weighted average remaining contractual
life (in years)
 
Outstanding as of January 1, 2023   14,283   $205.01      
Granted   173,007    19.27      
Expired   (6,783)   266.96      
Not exercisable   (7,500)   7.40      
Exercisable   7,500    7.40      
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2023   173,007    25.41    2.2 
Exercisable   7,500    7.40      
Granted   1,617,777    4.54      
Expired or cancelled   (22,500)   54.62      
Outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2024   1,775,784   $5.95    3.8 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we did not grant any warrants to purchase shares of our common stock other than warrants to purchase 1,617,777 shares of common stock as part of the Offering (see Note 4). Warrants to purchase 7,500 shares of our common stock expired unexercised. We also repurchased a warrant issued to a consultant in 2023 for the purchase of 15,000 shares of our common stock in exchange for a payment of $10,000.

 

In February 2023, we amended our financial consulting agreement with Spartan Capital Securities, LLC (“Spartan”), our placement agent for our registered direct offering in February 2023, by extending the term until February 10, 2024. We compensated Spartan for financial consulting services provided under the amendment by granting warrants to purchase 158,007 shares of our common stock on April 17, 2023, with an exercise price of $20.40. The warrants expire on April 17, 2026, and contain both call and cashless exercise provision. We also granted warrants to purchase 15,000 shares of our common stock to a consultant on November 18, 2023, of which warrants to purchase 7,500 shares of our common stock were exercisable, with an exercise price of $7.40. These warrants expire on November 18, 2025.

 

We used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the grant date fair value of the two warrants granted in 2023 with the following assumptions:

 

Average risk-free rate of interest   4.32-4.88 %
Expected term (years)   2.003.00   
Expected stock price volatility   82.85-108.47 %
Dividend yield   0%

 

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2024Mar 20, 2025Showing above
2023Mar 29, 2024
2022Mar 30, 2023
2021Mar 30, 2022

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.