8.
INCOME TAXES

The Company’s pretax income is associated with activities in domestic and international jurisdictions, as follows:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Income (Loss) Before Provision for Taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic

 

$

412,454

 

 

$

309,432

 

 

$

181,815

 

International

 

 

(69,535

)

 

 

(38,863

)

 

 

(4,206

)

Total

 

$

342,919

 

 

$

270,569

 

 

$

177,609

 

The Provision for Income Taxes consists of the following:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal Income Tax

 

$

23,905

 

 

$

27,367

 

 

$

22,907

 

State and Local Income Tax

 

 

11,390

 

 

 

10,969

 

 

 

7,478

 

Foreign Income Tax

 

 

1,040

 

 

 

2,284

 

 

 

3,471

 

 

 

 

36,335

 

 

 

40,620

 

 

 

33,856

 

Deferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal Income Tax

 

 

(2,816

)

 

 

(3,196

)

 

 

(3,550

)

State and Local Income Tax

 

 

(294

)

 

 

(5,328

)

 

 

1,599

 

Foreign Income Tax

 

 

(44

)

 

 

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

(3,154

)

 

 

(8,524

)

 

 

(1,929

)

Provision for Taxes

 

$

33,181

 

 

$

32,096

 

 

$

31,927

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s tax position:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Income Before Provision for Taxes

 

$

342,919

 

 

$

270,569

 

 

$

177,609

 

Provision for Taxes

 

$

33,181

 

 

$

32,096

 

 

$

31,927

 

Effective Income Tax Rate

 

 

9.7

%

 

 

11.9

%

 

 

18.0

%

 

The following table reconciles the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the effective income tax rate after the adoption of ASU 2023-09:

 

 

Year Ended December 31, 2025

 

 

 

$

 

 

%

 

U.S. Federal Statutory Tax Rate

 

$

72,013

 

 

 

21.0

%

State and Local Income Taxes, Net of
   Federal Benefit
1

 

 

9,379

 

 

 

2.7

%

Foreign Tax Effects

 

 

 

 

 

 

United Kingdom

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Year Operating Loss

 

 

(11,863

)

 

 

-3.5

%

Excess Tax Benefits on
   Equity-Based Compensation

 

 

(10,308

)

 

 

-3.0

%

Changes in Valuation Allowance

 

 

21,901

 

 

 

6.4

%

Other

 

 

(1,379

)

 

 

-0.4

%

Other Foreign

 

 

2,972

 

 

 

0.9

%

Nontaxable or nondeductible items

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income Attributable to
   Non-Controlling Interests

 

 

(27,523

)

 

 

-8.0

%

Permanent Differences on
   Partnership Units Compensation

 

 

3,032

 

 

 

0.9

%

Other

 

 

1,428

 

 

 

0.4

%

Other Reconciling Items

 

 

 

 

 

 

Excess Tax Benefits on
   Equity-Based Compensation

 

 

(26,973

)

 

 

-7.9

%

Other

 

 

502

 

 

 

0.2

%

 

 

$

33,181

 

 

 

9.7

%

 

1 State and local taxes in New York State and New York City comprise the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect.

The following table reconciles the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the effective income tax rate prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Expected Income Tax Expense at the
   Federal Statutory Rate

 

 

21.0

%

 

 

21.0

%

Permanent Differences for Compensation

 

 

-3.4

%

 

 

-0.4

%

Income Not Subject to
   U.S. Corporate Income Taxes

 

 

-8.8

%

 

 

-8.4

%

Foreign Income Taxes

 

 

0.8

%

 

 

1.1

%

State and Local Income Taxes, Net of
   Federal Benefit

 

 

2.8

%

 

 

3.5

%

Return to Provision

 

 

0.3

%

 

 

0.0

%

Rate Change Impact

 

 

-1.1

%

 

 

0.8

%

Other

 

 

0.3

%

 

 

0.4

%

Effective Income Tax Rate

 

 

11.9

%

 

 

18.0

%

 

The following table provides a disaggregation of income taxes paid, net of refunds received for the year ended December 31, 2025:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

Federal

 

$

26,900

 

State and Local

 

 

 

Illinois

 

 

2,246

 

New York City

 

 

6,146

 

Other - State and Local

 

 

5,090

 

 

 

 

13,482

 

Foreign

 

 

 

Spain

 

 

2,470

 

Other - Foreign

 

 

1,565

 

 

 

 

4,035

 

Payments for Income Taxes, Net of Refunds Received

 

$

44,417

 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences that may exist between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. A summary of the tax effects of the temporary differences is as follows:

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred Tax Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Lease Liabilities

 

$

57,555

 

 

$

49,256

 

Tax Basis Step-Up from former Parent

 

 

2,181

 

 

 

4,551

 

Deferred Compensation

 

 

52,263

 

 

 

44,560

 

Partner Exchange Basis Step-Up

 

 

42,818

 

 

 

39,047

 

Fixed Assets

 

 

77

 

 

 

462

 

Other

 

 

3,822

 

 

 

5,926

 

 

 

 

158,716

 

 

 

143,802

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets

 

 

49,525

 

 

 

45,827

 

Intangible Assets

 

 

4,407

 

 

 

3,238

 

Other

 

 

9,827

 

 

 

9,554

 

 

 

 

63,759

 

 

 

58,619

 

Deferred Tax Asset, Net

 

$

94,957

 

 

$

85,183

 

The realization of deferred tax assets arising from timing differences and net operating losses requires taxable income in future years in order to deduct the reversing timing differences and absorb the net operating losses. The Company assesses positive and negative evidence in determining whether to record a valuation allowance with respect to deferred tax assets. This assessment is performed separately for each taxing jurisdiction. The Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets presented above will be realized.

As of December 31, 2025, Deferred Tax Assets of $53.2 million related to foreign net operating loss carryforwards are not presented in the table above and are fully reserved with a corresponding valuation allowance, accordingly, there is no impact on the Company's Deferred Tax Asset, Net presented above. The foreign net operating losses generally have an indefinite carryforward period.

The Company does not believe that it meets the indefinite reversal criteria that would allow the Company to refrain from recognizing any deferred tax liability with respect to its foreign subsidiaries. Accordingly, the Company records a deferred tax liability with respect to an outside basis difference in its investment in a foreign subsidiary, where applicable.

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2025, the Company is not generally subject to examination by the tax authorities for years before 2022.

The Company had no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, no interest or penalties were accrued with respect to unrecognized tax positions and there were no settlements with taxing authorities.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 24, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2019Feb 27, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Feb 27, 2018
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Feb 29, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.