10. Net Loss per Share

The Company excluded all outstanding stock options and restricted stock units at each period end from the computation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect. The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share:

 

 

 

For the Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

Options to purchase common stock

 

 

8,653,913

 

 

 

6,973,464

 

 

 

5,278,771

 

Unvested restricted common stock units

 

 

907,666

 

 

 

236,296

 

 

 

374,899

 

Expected shares to be purchased under 2020 ESPP

 

 

3,944

 

 

 

2,237

 

 

 

95,905

 

Total

 

 

9,565,523

 

 

 

7,211,997

 

 

 

5,749,575

 

About Earnings Per Share Disclosures

The earnings per share disclosure breaks down the calculation from net income to both basic and diluted EPS, revealing the full impact of a company's capital structure on per-share economics. The reconciliation between basic and diluted share counts exposes how many stock options, RSUs, convertible securities, and warrants are potentially dilutive to existing shareholders.

Key signals: a widening gap between basic and diluted shares indicates growing dilution from equity compensation or convertible instruments. Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the diluted calculation deserve attention — they represent latent dilution that will materialize if the stock price rises. Watch for the effect of share buybacks on per-share metrics: EPS growth driven primarily by repurchases rather than income growth signals weakening fundamentals. Compare year-over-year changes in the diluted share count against equity compensation expense to assess whether management is effectively managing dilution.