Red Violet, Inc. Income Taxes Disclosure
8. Income taxes
The Company is subject to federal and state income taxes in the United States. The income taxes on income before income taxes consisted of the following:
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||
(In thousands) |
|
2025 |
|
|
2024 |
|
||
Current |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Federal |
|
$ |
117 |
|
|
$ |
111 |
|
State |
|
|
376 |
|
|
|
188 |
|
|
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
299 |
|
Deferred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Federal |
|
|
983 |
|
|
|
1,584 |
|
State |
|
|
(72 |
) |
|
|
434 |
|
|
|
|
911 |
|
|
|
2,018 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
1,404 |
|
|
$ |
2,317 |
|
Upon adoption of ASU No. 2023-09, as described in Note 2(r) above, the Company has elected to retrospectively adopt the guidance.
The Company’s effective income tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory corporate federal income tax rate of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. A reconciliation is as follows:
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||||||||||
(In thousands) |
|
2025 |
|
|
2024 |
|
||||||||||
Tax on income before income taxes |
|
$ |
3,057 |
|
|
|
21 |
% |
|
$ |
1,957 |
|
|
|
21 |
% |
Effect of state taxes (net of federal income tax effect)(1) |
|
|
232 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
579 |
|
|
|
6 |
% |
Research and development tax credits |
|
|
(1,053 |
) |
|
|
-7 |
% |
|
|
(479 |
) |
|
|
-5 |
% |
Nontaxable or nondeductible items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Share-based compensation |
|
|
(2,304 |
) |
|
|
-16 |
% |
|
|
(598 |
) |
|
|
-6 |
% |
Nondeductible executive compensation |
|
|
1,543 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
834 |
|
|
|
9 |
% |
Other nondeductible expenses |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
Others |
|
|
(101 |
) |
|
|
-1 |
% |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
0 |
% |
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
1,404 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
$ |
2,317 |
|
|
|
25 |
% |
(1) State taxes in Florida and California made up the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in this category.
Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following:
(In thousands) |
|
December 31, 2025 |
|
|
December 31, 2024 |
|
||
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
3,663 |
|
|
$ |
6,573 |
|
Research and development tax credits |
|
|
3,891 |
|
|
|
3,329 |
|
Share-based compensation |
|
|
1,055 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
Operating lease liabilities |
|
|
726 |
|
|
|
520 |
|
Deferred revenue and others |
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
186 |
|
|
|
|
9,795 |
|
|
|
11,416 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Intangible assets |
|
|
2,324 |
|
|
|
3,301 |
|
Right-of-use assets |
|
|
668 |
|
|
|
494 |
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
218 |
|
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
|
3,210 |
|
|
|
3,920 |
|
Net deferred tax assets |
|
$ |
6,585 |
|
|
$ |
7,496 |
|
Income taxes paid (net of refunds) consist of the following:
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||
(In thousands) |
|
2025 |
|
|
2024 |
|
||
Federal |
|
$ |
127 |
|
|
$ |
178 |
|
Florida |
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
42 |
|
California |
|
|
225 |
|
|
|
113 |
|
Other states |
|
|
209 |
|
|
|
274 |
|
Total |
|
$ |
629 |
|
|
$ |
607 |
|
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had gross federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $14,371 and $12,249, respectively. Federal net operating losses have an indefinite life and do not expire. Certain state net operating losses of approximately $5,685 expire beginning in 2036 and the remaining could be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has $3,891 of research and development tax credits which begin to expire in 2041. The Company’s federal and state net operating losses, and research and development tax credits, are not subject to annual Section 382 limitations due to ownership changes that could impact the future realization.
ASC 740 requires a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of the evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. On a periodic basis, management evaluates and determines the amount of valuation allowance required and adjusts such valuation allowance accordingly. The Company concluded that, due to its established historical cumulative positive income before income taxes plus permanent differences for the recent years, projections of future taxable income, and the reversal of taxable temporary differences, the realization of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2025 was more likely than not.
The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon its evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. For those tax positions where it is more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company has recorded the largest amount of tax benefit with a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where it is not more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the Company’s financial statements.
The Company continually evaluates expiring statutes of limitations, audits, proposed settlements, changes in tax law, and new authoritative rulings. Due to the existence of net operating loss carryforwards since inception, all of the Company’s income tax filings remain open for tax examinations.
The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
On July 4, 2025, the OBBBA was enacted into law. The OBBBA makes permanent key elements of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, including the election for full expensing of domestic research and experimentation expenditures. Under ASC 740, the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on deferred tax balances are recognized in the period in which the legislation is enacted. The Company evaluated the impact of the OBBBA on its consolidated financial statements and concluded that it did not have a material impact.
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Mar 4, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Feb 27, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Mar 7, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Mar 8, 2023 | |
| 2021 | Mar 9, 2022 | |
| 2020 | Mar 10, 2021 | |
| 2019 | Mar 12, 2020 | |
| 2018 | Mar 7, 2019 | |
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.