6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows (in thousands):
 
Total
Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$2,384,480 
Adjustments(1)
(1,100)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
2,383,380 
Adjustments(1)
811 
Balance as of December 31, 2025
$2,384,191 
________________________
(1)Includes net foreign currency effects during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. 
The following table presents our intangible assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):
December 31, 2025December 31, 2024
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
Acquired customer relationships$956,093 $(796,767)$159,326 $955,800 $(777,926)$177,874 
Trademarks and brand names315,630 (197,005)118,625 315,563 (186,376)129,187 
Purchased technology380,867 (373,936)6,931 379,972 (371,748)8,224 
Acquired contracts, supplier and distributor agreements
24,600 (24,600)— 24,600 (24,600)— 
Total intangible assets$1,677,190 $(1,392,308)$284,882 $1,675,935 $(1,360,650)$315,285 
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets subject to amortization totaled $31 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 and $33 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets subject to amortization for each of the five succeeding years and beyond is as follows (in thousands):
 
2026$31,011 
202730,640 
202829,894 
202928,997 
203026,584 
2031 and thereafter 137,756 
Total$284,882 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 18, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 20, 2025
2023Feb 15, 2024
2022Feb 17, 2023
2021Feb 18, 2022
2020Feb 25, 2021
2019Feb 26, 2020
2018Feb 15, 2019
2017Feb 16, 2018
2016Feb 17, 2017
2015Feb 19, 2016

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.