Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31,
 20242023
Current$1,279 $2,028 
Deferred(273)(467)
Total tax expense$1,006 $1,561 
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, with amounts determined by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to income before income taxes, is as follows (dollars in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,
 20242023
Provision at statutory rate$1,186 $1,894 
Tax-exempt income(125)(126)
BOLI
(131)(248)
Other76 41 
 $1,006 $1,561 
Federal Tax Rate21.0 %21.0 %
Tax exempt rate(2.2)(1.4)
BOLI
(2.3)(2.7)
Other1.3 0.5 
Effective tax rate17.8 %17.4 %
The following table reflects the temporary differences that gave rise to the components of the Company's deferred tax assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 December 31,
 20242023
Deferred tax assets  
Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement$601 $499 
Equity based compensation90 165 
Intangible assets25 29 
Depreciation54 — 
Lease liabilities843 1,012 
Unrealized loss on securities278 263 
Allowance for loan losses1,784 1,840 
Other, net101 47 
Total deferred tax assets3,776 3,855 
Deferred tax liabilities
Prepaid expenses(160)(171)
FHLB stock dividends(40)(40)
Depreciation— (39)
Mortgage servicing rights(308)(405)
Deferred loan costs(594)(652)
Right of use assets(782)(944)
Total deferred tax liabilities(1,884)(2,251)
Net deferred tax asset$1,892 $1,604 
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized no interest or penalties related to income taxes.
The Company files an income tax return in the U.S. federal jurisdiction. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2021.

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.