13. Income Taxes

Income before taxes subject to United States and non-United States income taxes was as follows:

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

United States

$

(68

)

 

$

641

 

 

$

355

 

Outside United States

 

4,359

 

 

 

5,031

 

 

 

4,927

 

$

4,291

 

 

$

5,672

 

$

5,282

 

SLB recorded net pretax charges of $1.107 billion in 2025 ($565 million of charges in the US and $542 million of net charges outside the US); $540 million in 2024 ($188 million of charges in the US and $352 million of net charges outside the US); and $110 million in 2023 ($2 million of net credits in the US and $112 million of charges outside the US). These charges and credits are included in the table above and are more fully described in Note 3 – Charges and Credits.

The components of net deferred tax liabilities were as follows:

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Intangible assets

$

(1,208

)

 

$

(758

)

Net operating losses

 

153

 

 

 

123

 

Fixed assets, net

 

106

 

 

 

173

 

Research and development credits

 

87

 

 

 

158

 

Capitalized research and development costs

 

255

 

 

 

216

 

Pension and other postretirement benefits

 

(71

)

 

 

(62

)

Investments in non-US subsidiaries

 

(194

)

 

 

(69

)

Foreign tax credits

 

63

 

 

 

-

 

Other, net

 

165

 

 

 

152

 

$

(644

)

 

$

(67

)

Approximately $105 million of the $153 million deferred tax asset relating to net operating losses at December 31, 2025 can be carried forward indefinitely.

 

The deferred tax balance at December 31, 2025 and 2024 was net of valuation allowances relating to the following:

 

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Foreign tax credits

$

69

 

 

$

162

 

Net operating losses

$

40

 

 

$

62

 

 

 

 

The components of Tax expense were as follows:

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States-Federal

$

7

 

 

$

10

 

 

$

(23

)

United States-State

 

2

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

5

 

Outside United States

 

1,110

 

 

 

1,117

 

 

 

997

 

 

1,119

 

 

 

1,134

 

 

 

979

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

United States-Federal

$

(64

)

 

$

88

 

 

$

(77

)

United States-State

 

1

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

6

 

Outside United States

 

(60

)

 

 

(61

)

 

 

104

 

United States - Valuation allowance

 

(133

)

 

 

(26

)

 

 

(5

)

Outside United States - Valuation allowance

 

(23

)

 

 

(44

)

 

 

-

 

 

(279

)

 

 

(41

)

 

 

28

 

$

840

 

 

$

1,093

 

 

$

1,007

 

A reconciliation of the United States statutory federal tax rate to the consolidated effective tax rate follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage

 

US federal income tax

$

901

 

 

21.0

%

 

$

1,191

 

 

21.0

%

 

$

1,109

 

 

21.0

%

Non-US tax effects

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United Arab Emirates

 

(51

)

 

(1.2

)

 

 

(47

)

 

(0.8

)

 

 

(40

)

 

(0.8

)

Saudi Arabia

 

(39

)

 

(0.9

)

 

 

(85

)

 

(1.5

)

 

 

(101

)

 

(1.9

)

Norway

 

20

 

 

0.5

 

 

 

(65

)

 

(1.1

)

 

 

(41

)

 

(0.8

)

Ecuador:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividend withholding tax

 

61

 

 

1.4

 

 

 

30

 

 

0.5

 

 

 

106

 

 

2.0

 

Other

 

8

 

 

0.2

 

 

 

83

 

 

1.5

 

 

 

50

 

 

0.9

 

British Virgin Island

 

31

 

 

0.7

 

 

 

61

 

 

1.1

 

 

 

93

 

 

1.8

 

Russia

 

16

 

 

0.4

 

 

 

15

 

 

0.3

 

 

 

59

 

 

1.1

 

Other jurisdictions

 

65

 

 

1.5

 

 

 

26

 

 

0.5

 

 

 

(60

)

 

(1.1

)

Tax credits

 

(33

)

 

(0.8

)

 

 

(21

)

 

(0.4

)

 

 

(20

)

 

(0.4

)

Changes in valuation allowance

 

(133

)

 

(3.1

)

 

 

(26

)

 

(0.5

)

 

 

(5

)

 

(0.1

)

Nontaxable or nondeductible items

 

4

 

 

0.1

 

 

 

(34

)

 

(0.6

)

 

 

14

 

 

0.3

 

Changes in unrecognized tax benefits

 

(5

)

 

(0.1

)

 

 

(26

)

 

(0.5

)

 

 

(75

)

 

(1.4

)

Other adjustments

 

(5

)

 

(0.1

)

 

 

(9

)

 

(0.2

)

 

 

(82

)

 

(1.6

)

$

840

 

 

19.6

%

 

$

1,093

 

 

19.3

%

 

$

1,007

 

 

19.0

%

A number of the jurisdictions in which SLB operates have tax laws that are not fully defined and are evolving. SLB’s tax filings are subject to regular audit by the tax authorities. These audits may result in assessments for additional taxes that are resolved with the tax authorities or, potentially, through the courts. Tax liabilities are recorded based on estimates of additional taxes that will be due upon the conclusion of these audits. Due to the uncertain and complex application of tax regulations, the ultimate resolution of audits may result in liabilities which could be materially different from these estimates.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions is as follows:

 

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Balance at beginning of year

$

715

 

 

$

783

 

 

$

893

 

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

 

78

 

 

 

79

 

 

 

66

 

Additions for tax positions of prior years

 

75

 

 

 

150

 

 

 

91

 

Additions related to acquisitions

 

73

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Impact of changes in exchange rates

 

20

 

 

 

(23

)

 

 

(25

)

Settlements with tax authorities

 

(28

)

 

 

(75

)

 

 

(36

)

Reductions for tax positions of prior years

 

(93

)

 

 

(104

)

 

 

(176

)

Reductions due to the lapse of statute of limitations

 

(34

)

 

 

(95

)

 

 

(30

)

$

806

 

 

$

715

 

 

$

783

 

The amounts above exclude accrued interest and penalties of $132 million at December 31, 2025 and $116 million at December 31, 2024. SLB classifies interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions within Tax expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

The following table summarizes the tax years that are either currently under audit or remain open and subject to examination by the tax authorities in the most significant jurisdictions in which SLB operates:

 

Ecuador

2021 - 2025

Mexico

2020 - 2025

Norway

2020 - 2025

Russia

2022 - 2025

Saudi Arabia

2020 - 2025

United Kingdom

2023 - 2025

United States

2022 - 2025

 

 

Cash paid for income taxes was as follows:

 

(Stated in millions)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2025

 

2024

 

2023

US Federal

$44

 

$10

 

$13

US State

11

 

1

 

8

Ecuador

210

 

224

 

210

Saudi Arabia

70

 

101

 

*

Mexico

*

 

*

 

126

Other

863

 

804

 

703

$1,198

 

$1,140

 

$1,060

 

* Amount of income taxes paid during the year did not meet the 5% disaggregation threshold.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Jan 23, 2026Showing above
2024Jan 22, 2025
2023Jan 24, 2024
2022Jan 25, 2023
2021Jan 26, 2022
2020Jan 27, 2021
2019Jan 22, 2020
2018Jan 23, 2019
2017Jan 24, 2018
2016Jan 25, 2017
2015Jan 27, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.