Note 10. Net Income (Loss) per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding during the period. Shares of common stock that are potentially issuable for little or no cash consideration at issuance, such as the Company's pre-funded warrants issued in March 2022 and October 2023 and in connection with the exercise of certain May 2023 Tranche A and Tranche B warrants, are considered outstanding common stock and are included in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share in connection with ASC 260 Earnings Per Shares. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding and dilutive potential common stock that would be issued upon the exercise or vesting of common stock awards and exercise of common stock warrants that are not pre-funded using the treasury stock method which would result in the issuance of incremental shares of common stock. The Company applies the two-class method to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share as its warrants issued in March 2022 and May 2023 are

participating securities. However, the two-class method does not impact the net loss per share of common stock as the March 2022 and May 2023 common warrants issued do not participate in losses. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the effect of issuing the respective potential common stock is anti-dilutive due to the net losses in those periods and therefore the number of shares used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share are the same in each of those periods.

The following securities are included in the weighted-average common shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share:

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

20,890

 

 

$

(175,850

)

 

$

(38,988

)

Less: Earnings attributable to participating securities

 

 

(415

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted

 

$

20,475

 

 

$

(175,850

)

 

$

(38,988

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock

 

 

50,567,586

 

 

 

37,689,804

 

 

 

15,040,036

 

March 2022 pre-funded warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

290,665

 

May 2023 Tranche A pre-funded warrants

 

 

 

 

 

1,685,181

 

 

 

778,904

 

May 2023 Tranche B pre-funded warrants

 

 

 

 

 

373,892

 

 

 

92,801

 

October 2023 pre-funded warrants

 

 

250,000

 

 

 

427,049

 

 

 

289,726

 

Weighted-average shares - basic

 

 

50,817,586

 

 

 

40,175,926

 

 

 

16,492,132

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of dilutive securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Stock options

 

 

1,228,032

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Restricted stock units

 

 

339,268

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares - diluted

 

 

52,384,886

 

 

 

40,175,926

 

 

 

16,492,132

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share - basic

 

$

0.40

 

 

$

(4.38

)

 

$

(2.36

)

Net income (loss) per share - diluted

 

$

0.39

 

 

$

(4.38

)

 

$

(2.36

)

 

The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented:

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Warrants issued to 2010/2012 convertible note holders to purchase common stock

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

6,804

 

Warrants issued to underwriter to purchase common stock

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

1,100

 

March 2022 common warrants

 

 

-

 

 

 

1,255,346

 

 

 

1,929,066

 

May 2023 Tranche B warrants

 

 

-

 

 

 

2,065,305

 

 

 

6,750,000

 

Options to purchase common stock

 

 

1,869,149

 

 

 

3,971,798

 

 

 

2,369,665

 

Outstanding restricted stock units

 

 

8,307

 

 

 

939,865

 

 

 

15,534

 

Total

 

 

1,877,456

 

 

 

8,232,314

 

 

 

11,072,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 25, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 28, 2025
2017Apr 2, 2018
2016Mar 15, 2017
2015Mar 25, 2016

About Earnings Per Share Disclosures

The earnings per share disclosure breaks down the calculation from net income to both basic and diluted EPS, revealing the full impact of a company's capital structure on per-share economics. The reconciliation between basic and diluted share counts exposes how many stock options, RSUs, convertible securities, and warrants are potentially dilutive to existing shareholders.

Key signals: a widening gap between basic and diluted shares indicates growing dilution from equity compensation or convertible instruments. Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the diluted calculation deserve attention — they represent latent dilution that will materialize if the stock price rises. Watch for the effect of share buybacks on per-share metrics: EPS growth driven primarily by repurchases rather than income growth signals weakening fundamentals. Compare year-over-year changes in the diluted share count against equity compensation expense to assess whether management is effectively managing dilution.