Revenue Recognition
ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity's contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.
The majority of the Company’s revenue-generating transactions are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as loans, letters of credit, derivatives and investment securities, as these activities are subject to
other GAAP discussed elsewhere within the Company’s disclosures. Descriptions of revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, which are presented in the income statements as components of non-interest income are as follows:
Service charges on deposit accounts - these represent general service fees for monthly account maintenance and activity- or transaction-based fees and consist of transaction-based revenue, time-based revenue (service period), item-based revenue or some other individual attribute-based revenue. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is completed, which is generally monthly for account maintenance services or when a transaction has been completed (such as a stop payment). Payments for these activities are generally received at the time the performance obligations are satisfied.
Wealth management and trust fee income - this represents monthly fees due from wealth management customers as consideration for managing the customers’ assets. Wealth management and trust services include custody of assets, investment management, escrow services, fees for trust services and similar fiduciary activities. These fees are typically paid on a quarterly basis and recognized ratably throughout the quarter as the performance obligation is satisfied each month.
Brokered loan fees - these represent fees for the administration and funding of purchased mortgage loan interests as well as facility renewal and application fees received from mortgage originators (or SPEs) related to mortgage finance loans. Revenue is recognized when the related mortgage loan interest is disposed (i.e., through sale or payoff) or upon receipt of the facility renewal or application.
Investment banking and advisory fees - this includes fees for merger, acquisition, divestiture and restructuring advisory services, fees for securities underwriting activities and loan and security syndication fees. Advisory fees are generally earned as performance obligations of the advisory service are satisfied. Underwriting fees are generally recognized upon execution of the client’s issuance of debt or equity instruments. Loan syndication fees are generally recognized upon closing of a loan syndication transaction.
Trading income - this includes fees for derivative transactions which are generally recognized when the derivative transaction occurs. Also included in trading income are realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized on the Company’s trading assets and liabilities. Realized gains and losses are generally recognized when a sale occurs and unrealized gains and losses are generally recognized monthly as the trading assets and liabilities are marked to fair value.
Other non-interest income includes items such as letter of credit fees, bank owned life insurance income, dividends on FHLB and FRB stock and other general operating income, none of which are subject to the requirements of ASC 606. Also included in other-non-interest income are interchange fees earned when commercial credit card clients process transactions through card networks. The Company’s performance obligations are generally complete when the transactions generating the fees are processed.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 10, 2026Showing above
2022Feb 9, 2023

About Revenue Disclosures

Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.

Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.