GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
The following table presents the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill by segment. Each reportable segment includes goodwill associated with the Company’s international business which is subject to the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
(as of December 31, in millions)20252024
Business Insurance$2,601 $2,572 
Bond & Specialty Insurance838 834 
Personal Insurance809 801 
Other26 26 
Less amounts classified as held for sale208 — 
Total$4,066 $4,233 

Other Intangible Assets
The following tables present a summary of the Company’s other intangible assets by major asset class.
(as of December 31, 2025, in millions)Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Subject to amortization
Customer-related$186 $93 $93 
Contract-based204 198 6 
Marketing-related18 6 12 
Total subject to amortization408 297 111 
Not subject to amortization226  226 
Less amounts classified as held for sale5 4 1 
Total$629 $293 $336 
(as of December 31, 2024, in millions)Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Subject to amortization
Customer-related$185 $74 $111 
Contract-based204 196 
Marketing-related18 15 
Total subject to amortization407 273 134 
Not subject to amortization226 — 226 
Total$633 $273 $360 
Amortization expense of intangible assets was $20 million, $21 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense for all intangible assets subject to amortization is estimated to be $20 million in 2026, $17 million in 2027, $9 million in 2028, $8 million in 2029 and $8 million in 2030.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 12, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 13, 2025
2023Feb 15, 2024
2022Feb 16, 2023
2021Feb 17, 2022
2020Feb 11, 2021
2019Feb 13, 2020
2018Feb 14, 2019
2017Feb 15, 2018
2016Feb 16, 2017
2015Feb 11, 2016

About Goodwill & Intangibles Disclosures

Goodwill and intangible asset disclosures reveal the premium paid in acquisitions and how management assesses whether that premium retains its value. Since goodwill is no longer amortized under US GAAP, the annual impairment test is the only mechanism that adjusts carrying values downward — making the assumptions behind that test critically important for investors.

Key signals: a history of goodwill impairments suggests management consistently overpays for acquisitions. Watch the gap between reporting unit fair value and carrying amount — when fair value exceeds carrying amount by less than 10-20%, a small decline in business performance could trigger a write-down. For finite-lived intangibles, examine useful life assumptions across customer relationships, technology, and trade names; aggressive estimates inflate near-term earnings. Compare total intangibles-to-total-assets ratios against peers to assess acquisition dependency. Rising goodwill as a percentage of equity can signal balance sheet fragility.