10. SHARE CAPITAL

 

  a) Authorized share capital

 

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Class A Shares. The Class A Shares do not have any special rights or restrictions attached. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were 0 and 0 Class A Shares issued and outstanding, respectively. The Class A shares were converted to common shares on December 22, 2023.

 

  b) Issued share capital

 

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company:

 

  i)

Issued 2,155,172 shares at a price of $1.16 per share for total proceeds of $2,500,000 as a result of the conversion of the Senior Note, net of issuance cost of $106,768.

 

  ii) Issued 240,490 common shares pursuant to exercise of 240,490 warrants at a price of $3.68 per share for total proceeds of $885,003.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company:

 

  i) Issued 156,238 shares at a price of $14.40 per share for total proceeds of $2,250,000 in a registered direct offering. In connection with the offering, the Company incurred $226,545 in issuance costs as part of the transaction.

 

  ii) Issued 283,875 common shares pursuant to exercise of 283,875 warrants at a price of $17.37 per share for total proceeds of $4,561,200.

 

  iii) Issued 815,217 shares at a price of $3.68 per share for total proceeds of $3,000,000 in a registered direct offering. In connection with the offering, the Company incurred $453,345 in issuance costs as part of the transaction.

 

  ix) Issued 989,903 shares at a price of $2.59 per share for total proceeds of $2,562,660 in a private placement.

 

  xi)

Issued 21 shares upon the conversion of Class A shares.

 

  c) Stock options

 

The Company may grant incentive stock options to its officers, directors, employees, and consultants. The Company has implemented a rolling Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) whereby the Company can issue up to 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares of the Company. Options have a maximum term of ten years and vesting is determined by the Board of Directors.

A continuity schedule of outstanding stock options is as follows:

 

   Number Outstanding   Weighted Average Exercise
Price
 
       ($) 
Outstanding – December 31, 2022   14,238    594.08 
Granted   25,000    14.40 
Exercised   
-
    
-
 
Forfeited   (10,247)   392.60 
Outstanding – December 31, 2023   28,990    165.38 
Forfeited   (26,435)   135.62 
Outstanding – December 31, 2024   2,555    64.99 

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, no stock options were granted by the Company, and the Company recorded share-based compensation of $160,865 relating to options vested during the period. As of December 31, 2024, there was approximately none of unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding unvested stock options.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, 25,000 stock options were granted by the Company, and the Company recorded share-based compensation of ($1,452,380) relating to options vested during the period.

 

The Company used the following assumptions in calculating the fair value of stock options for the period ended:

 

    December 31,
2024
    December 31,
2023
 
Risk-free interest rate          -       3.93%  
Expected life of options     -       3.69 years  
Expected dividend yield     -       Nil  
Volatility     -       132.65%  
  d) Warrants outstanding

 

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company:

 

  i) Issued 1,077,586 warrants in conjunction with the conversion of the Senior Note issuance, with an exercise price of $4.00 per share.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company:

 

  iv) Issued 10,938 placement agent warrants in conjunction with a registered direct offering on February 2, 2023, with an exercise price of $14.40 per share.

 

  v) Issued 815,217 warrants in conjunction with a public offering on October 17, 2023, with an exercise price of $3.68 per share.

 

  vi) Issued 24,457 placement agent warrants in conjunction with a public offering on October 17, 2023, with an exercise price of $4.05 per share.

 

The Company used the following assumptions in calculating the fair value of the warrants for the period ended:

 

   December 31,
2024
  December 31,
2023
Risk-free interest rate  4.43%  4.13% - 4.49%
Expected life of warrants  5 years  2.06 – 4.80 years
Expected dividend yield 
Nil
 
Nil
Volatility  132.78%  132.78%
Weighted average fair value per warrant  $1.71  $4.69

 

At December 31, 2024, the Company had share purchase warrants outstanding as follows:

 

Expiration Date 

Warrants

Outstanding

  

Exercise

Price

   Weighted Average Remaining Life 
       ($)   (years) 
January 20, 2026(1)   7,030    1,800.00    1.06 
February 28, 2027   20,689    460.80    2.16 
December 6, 2027   13,781    20.00    2.93 
December 9, 2027   9,876    17.60    2.94 
January 18, 2028   25,906    124.80    3.05 
February 2, 2028   10,938    14.40    3.10 
October 17, 2028   543,468    3.68    3.80 
October 17, 2028   24,457    4.05    3.80 
December 24, 2029   1,077,586    4.00    4.92 
    1,733,741    32.36    4.45 

 

  (1) Unit A warrant balance is 7,030 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

About Stock Compensation Disclosures

Stock-based compensation disclosures detail the equity awards granted to employees and executives — including stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), and performance shares — along with the valuation methods and assumptions used to expense them. This section reveals the true cost of talent retention and the alignment between management incentives and shareholder interests.

Key signals: total unrecognized compensation expense and its expected recognition period signal future earnings headwinds from already-granted awards. For stock options, examine Black-Scholes assumptions — expected volatility, risk-free rate, and expected term — as understating any of these reduces reported compensation expense. Compare stock compensation expense as a percentage of revenue against peers to assess dilution cost. Watch vesting schedules for acceleration clauses tied to change-of-control events. Performance-based awards with undemanding targets may indicate weak governance. Add back stock compensation to operating cash flow to calculate a more conservative free cash flow figure.