VirTra, Inc Income Taxes Disclosure
Note 11. Income Taxes
The Company accounts for its deferred tax assets and liabilities, including excess tax benefits of share-based payments, based on the tax ordering of deductions to be used on its tax returns. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities for the years ended December 31 is as follows:
| Year Ending December 31 | ||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Deferred Tax Assets: | ||||||||
| Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards | $ | 2,090,454 | $ | |||||
| Tax Credits | 1,225,923 | 729,111 | ||||||
| Deferred Revenue | 570,408 | 1,488,641 | ||||||
| Stock Compensation | 12,713 | 230,617 | ||||||
| Reserves, Accrual and Other | 241,270 | 281,995 | ||||||
| Intangibles | 1,035,153 | 1,726,212 | ||||||
| Right of Use Liability | 70,204 | 112,567 | ||||||
| Total Deferred Tax Assets | $ | 5,246,125 | $ | 4,569,143 | ||||
| Deferred Tax Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Fixed Assets | $ | (863,076 | ) | $ | (641,880 | ) | ||
| Right of Use Asset | (66,146 | ) | (107,543 | ) | ||||
| Inventory Capitalization | (181,440 | ) | (224,146 | ) | ||||
| Total Deferred Tax Liabilities | $ | (1,110,662 | ) | $ | (973,569 | ) | ||
| Valuation Allowance | ||||||||
| Net Deferred Taxes | $ | 4,135,463 | $ | 3,595,574 | ||||
Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limits the ability to utilize net operating losses if a 50% change in ownership occurs over a three-year period. The Company does not believe that such a limitation of the net operating losses has occurred.
Significant components of the provision (benefit) for income tax for the years ended December 31 are as follows:
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Current | $ | (158,161 | ) | $ | 853,256 | |||
| Deferred | 46,903 | 34,030 | ||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | ||||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | (111,258 | ) | $ | 887,286 | |||
The Company is subject to federal and state taxes. Reconciliations of the Company’s effective income tax rate to the federal statutory rate for the years ended December 31 are as follows:
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||
| Federal income tax expense at the statutory rate | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | ||||
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit | 33.9 | % | 0.2 | % | ||||
| Research credits | 56.2 | % | (11.4 | )% | ||||
| Permanent differences | (13.7 | )% | (5.6 | )% | ||||
| Prior period revenue adjustment | 5.9 | % | ||||||
| Other | (54.7 | )% | 3.5 | % | ||||
| Expiration of stock option compensation | 10.7 | % | ||||||
| Inventory tax capitalization method change | 9.5 | % | 9.8 | % | ||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 0.0 | % | ||||||
| Provision (benefit) for income taxes | 52.2 | % | 34.1 | % | ||||
Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Mar 26, 2026 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Mar 27, 2025 | |
| 2023 | Apr 1, 2024 | |
| 2022 | Mar 31, 2023 | |
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.