Note 11. Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for its deferred tax assets and liabilities, including excess tax benefits of share-based payments, based on the tax ordering of deductions to be used on its tax returns. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

 

       
   Year Ending December 31 
   2025   2024 
Deferred Tax Assets:            
Net Operating Loss Carry Forwards  $ 2,090,454   $ - 
Tax Credits    1,225,923     729,111 
Deferred Revenue    570,408     1,488,641 
Stock Compensation    12,713     230,617 
Reserves, Accrual and Other    241,270     281,995 
Intangibles    1,035,153     1,726,212 
Right of Use Liability    70,204     112,567 
             
Total Deferred Tax Assets  $ 5,246,125   $ 4,569,143 
             
Deferred Tax Liabilities:            
Fixed Assets  $ (863,076)  $ (641,880)
Right of Use Asset    (66,146)    (107,543)
Inventory Capitalization    (181,440)    (224,146
             
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities  $ (1,110,662)  $ (973,569)
             
Valuation Allowance    -     - 
             
Net Deferred Taxes  $ 4,135,463   $ 3,595,574 

 

Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limits the ability to utilize net operating losses if a 50% change in ownership occurs over a three-year period. The Company does not believe that such a limitation of the net operating losses has occurred.

 

Significant components of the provision (benefit) for income tax for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

 

   2025   2024 
         
Current  $(158,161)  $853,256 
Deferred   46,903    34,030 
Change in valuation allowance   -    - 
           
Provision (benefit) for income taxes  $(111,258)  $887,286 

 

The Company is subject to federal and state taxes. Reconciliations of the Company’s effective income tax rate to the federal statutory rate for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

 

   2025   2024 
Federal income tax expense at the statutory rate   21.0%   21.0%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit   33.9%   0.2%
Research credits   56.2%   (11.4)%
Permanent differences   (13.7)%   (5.6)%
Prior period revenue adjustment   -    5.9%
Other   (54.7)%   3.5%
Expiration of stock option compensation   -    10.7%
Inventory tax capitalization method change   9.5%   9.8%
Change in valuation allowance   -    0.0%
           
Provision (benefit) for income taxes   52.2%   34.1%

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 26, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 27, 2025
2023Apr 1, 2024
2022Mar 31, 2023

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.