Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):
 Year Ended December 31,
 202520242023
Numerator for basic earnings per share - net income attributable to common stockholders$936,845 $951,680 $340,094 
Adjustment for net income (loss) attributable to OP Units and DownREIT Units7,246 1,700 (303)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share$944,091 $953,380 $339,791 
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average shares665,639 602,975 515,629 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options654 262 32 
Unvested restricted shares and units3,221 1,932 1,031 
OP Units and DownREIT Units
4,068 2,207 1,983 
Employee stock purchase program19 21 26 
Exchangeable Notes5,920 1,353 — 
Dilutive potential common shares13,882 5,775 3,072 
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted average shares679,521 608,750 518,701 
Basic earnings per share$1.41 $1.58 $0.66 
Diluted earnings per share$1.39 $1.57 $0.66 
The Exchangeable Notes are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The 2028 Exchangeable Notes were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2023 as they were anti-dilutive.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 12, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 12, 2025
2023Feb 15, 2024
2022Feb 21, 2023
2021Feb 16, 2022
2020Feb 10, 2021
2019Feb 14, 2020
2018Feb 25, 2019
2017Feb 28, 2018
2016Feb 22, 2017
2015Feb 18, 2016

About Earnings Per Share Disclosures

The earnings per share disclosure breaks down the calculation from net income to both basic and diluted EPS, revealing the full impact of a company's capital structure on per-share economics. The reconciliation between basic and diluted share counts exposes how many stock options, RSUs, convertible securities, and warrants are potentially dilutive to existing shareholders.

Key signals: a widening gap between basic and diluted shares indicates growing dilution from equity compensation or convertible instruments. Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the diluted calculation deserve attention — they represent latent dilution that will materialize if the stock price rises. Watch for the effect of share buybacks on per-share metrics: EPS growth driven primarily by repurchases rather than income growth signals weakening fundamentals. Compare year-over-year changes in the diluted share count against equity compensation expense to assess whether management is effectively managing dilution.