NOTE 15. INCOME TAXES

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740-10, which provides for an asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on anticipated future tax consequences, using currently enacted tax laws, attributed to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts calculated for income tax purposes.

 

A reconciliation of the federal income tax rates to the Company’s effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 consist of the following:

                    
   2025   %   2024   % 
U.S. federal statutory rate  $1,519,062    21.0 %   $1,465,256    21.0 % 
Effects of:                    
State taxes, net of federal benefit   79,570    1.1 %    362,825    5.2 % 
Stock based compensation   (14,467)   (0.2)%    (20,932)   (0.3)% 
Permanent differences   (238,710)   (3.3)%    (167,458)   (2.4)% 
Tax return to provision adjustment   (180,841)   (4.2)%    (286,074)   (4.1)% 
Other   (301,614)   (2.5)%    (100,618)   (1.4)% 
Change in valuation allowance   (863,000)   (11.9)%    (1,253,000)   (18.0)% 
Effective rate        %         % 

 

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 are summarized below:

          
   2025   2024 
Deferred tax asset:          
Net operating losses  $11,317,000   $10,435,000 
Stock based compensation   513,000    532,000 
Total deferred tax asset   11,830,000    10,967,000 
Less valuation allowance   (11,830,000)   (10,967,000)
Net deferred income tax liability  $   $ 

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that it believes that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. The Company assessed the need for a valuation allowance of $11,830,000 required as of December 31, 2025, as the Company determined it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Our net deferred tax asset and valuation allowance increased by $863,000 for the year ended December 31, 2025. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.

 

The Company has evaluated its income tax positions and has determined that it does not have any uncertain tax positions. The Company will recognize interest and penalties related to any uncertain tax positions through its income tax expense.

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S., Colorado, and California jurisdictions and is subject to examination by the various taxing authorities.

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 18, 2026Showing above
2024Apr 9, 2025
2023Mar 28, 2024

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.