6. Fair Value Measurements and Available for Sale Investments

Fair Value Measurements

Our financial instruments consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, receivables, and accounts payable. Certain of our financial assets and liabilities have been recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet in accordance with the accounting standards for fair value measurements.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Accounting guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activities, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes our assets and liabilities that require fair value measurements on a recurring basis and their respective input levels based on the fair value hierarchy:

 

 

Fair Value Measurements at End of Period Using:

 

(in thousands)

 

Fair Value

 

 

Quoted Market
Prices for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

 

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)

 

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)

 

At December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds(1)

 

$

140,380

 

 

$

140,380

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Mutual funds(1)

 

 

91,359

 

 

 

91,359

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities(2)

 

 

63,268

 

 

 

63,268

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial and corporate obligations(2)

 

 

10,174

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,174

 

 

 

 

At December 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds(1)

 

$

104,553

 

 

$

104,553

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Mutual funds(1)

 

 

9,376

 

 

 

9,376

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities(1)(2)

 

 

284,495

 

 

 

284,495

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Agency securities(2)

 

 

7,579

 

 

 

 

 

 

7,579

 

 

 

 

Commercial and corporate obligations(2)

 

 

10,652

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,652

 

 

 

 

 

(1)
Included in cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Included in short-term or long-term investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets depending on the respective maturity date.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of our financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Marketable Securities. For fair values determined by Level 1 inputs, which utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, the level of judgment required to estimate fair value is relatively low. For fair values determined by Level 2 inputs, which utilize quoted prices in less active markets for similar assets, the level of judgment required to estimate fair value is also considered relatively low.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Available for Sale Investments

We invest our excess cash in agency securities, debt instruments of financial institutions and corporations, commercial obligations, and U.S. Treasury securities, which we classify as available-for-sale investments. These investments are carried at fair value and are included in the tables above. The aggregate market value, cost basis, and gross unrealized gains and losses of available-for-sale investments by security type, classified in short-term and long-term investments as of December 31, 2025 are as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Total
Fair Value

 

Commercial and corporate obligations(1)

 

$

10,152

 

 

$

22

 

 

 

 

 

$

10,174

 

US Treasury securities(2)

 

 

63,107

 

 

 

161

 

 

 

 

 

 

63,268

 

Total available-for-sale investments

 

$

73,259

 

 

$

183

 

 

$

 

 

$

73,442

 

 

(1)
Of our outstanding commercial and corporate obligations, $10.2 million have maturity dates of less than one year and $0.0 million have a maturity date of between one to two years as of December 31, 2025.
(2)
Of our outstanding U.S. Treasury securities, $63.3 million have maturity dates of less than one year and $0.0 million have a maturity date of between one to two years as of December 31, 2025.

The aggregate market value, cost basis, and gross unrealized gains and losses of available-for-sale investments by security type, classified in cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments as of December 31, 2024 are as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Total
Fair Value

 

Agency securities(1)

 

$

7,587

 

 

$

 

 

$

(8

)

 

$

7,579

 

Commercial and corporate obligations(2)

 

 

10,642

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,652

 

U.S. Treasury securities(3)

 

 

283,985

 

 

 

517

 

 

 

(7

)

 

 

284,495

 

Total available-for-sale investments

 

$

302,214

 

 

$

527

 

 

$

(15

)

 

$

302,726

 

 

(1)
Of our outstanding agency securities, $7.6 million have maturity dates of less than one year and $0.0 million have a maturity date of between one to two years as of December 31, 2024.
(2)
Of our outstanding commercial and corporate obligations, $10.7 million have maturity dates of less than one year and $0.0 million have a maturity date of between one to two years as of December 31, 2024.
(3)
Of our outstanding U.S. Treasury securities, $249.0 million have maturity dates of less than one year and $35.5 million have a maturity date of between one to two years as of December 31, 2024.

There were no investments in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2025. The following table presents gross unrealized losses and fair values for those investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2024, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position:

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

Less than 12 Months

 

 

12 Months or Greater

 

 

Total

 

(in thousands)

 

Fair Value

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

Agency securities

 

$

7,579

 

 

$

(8

)

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

7,579

 

 

$

(8

)

US Treasury Securities

 

 

25,250

 

 

 

(7

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25,250

 

 

 

(7

)

Total

 

$

32,829

 

 

$

(15

)

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

32,829

 

 

$

(15

)

 

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investments were not material, and accordingly, no allowance for credit losses were recorded.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 3, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Mar 11, 2024
2022Mar 1, 2023
2021Mar 7, 2022
2020Feb 25, 2021
2019Mar 2, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Mar 5, 2018

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.