Note 13. Net Income (Loss) per Share

 

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods less shares of common stock subject to repurchase and non-vested stock awards. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the periods. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded in net loss periods, as their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per share calculations is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

  

Year ended

 
  

December 31,

 
  

2025

  

2024

  

2023

 

Numerator:

         

Net loss attributable to AXT, Inc.

 $(21,260) $(11,624) $(17,881)

Less: Preferred stock dividends

  (177)  (177)  (177)

Net loss available to common stockholders

 $(21,437) $(11,801) $(18,058)

Denominator:

         

Denominator for basic net loss per share - weighted-average common shares

  43,933   43,154   42,643 

Effect of dilutive securities:

         

Common stock options

         

Restricted stock awards

         

Denominator for dilutive net loss per common shares

  43,933   43,154   42,643 

Net loss attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share:

         

Basic

 $(0.49) $(0.27) $(0.42)

Diluted

 $(0.49) $(0.27) $(0.42)
          

Options excluded from diluted net loss per share as the impact is anti-dilutive

  834   1,175   1,198 

Restricted stock excluded from diluted net loss per share as the impact is anti-dilutive

  2,210   1,842   1,258 

  

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 17, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 14, 2025
2017Mar 9, 2018

About Earnings Per Share Disclosures

The earnings per share disclosure breaks down the calculation from net income to both basic and diluted EPS, revealing the full impact of a company's capital structure on per-share economics. The reconciliation between basic and diluted share counts exposes how many stock options, RSUs, convertible securities, and warrants are potentially dilutive to existing shareholders.

Key signals: a widening gap between basic and diluted shares indicates growing dilution from equity compensation or convertible instruments. Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the diluted calculation deserve attention — they represent latent dilution that will materialize if the stock price rises. Watch for the effect of share buybacks on per-share metrics: EPS growth driven primarily by repurchases rather than income growth signals weakening fundamentals. Compare year-over-year changes in the diluted share count against equity compensation expense to assess whether management is effectively managing dilution.