3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company measures the following financial assets at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during any of the periods presented. The following tables set forth the Company’s financial assets carried at fair value categorized using the lowest level of input applicable to each financial instrument as of December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
December 31, 2025
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:
Money market funds$124,522 $— $— $124,522 
Total Assets$124,522 $— $— $124,522 
Cash equivalents consist of money market funds, which were valued by the Company based on quoted market prices, which represents a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company did not hold any financial assets carried at fair value and held a financial liability for less than $0.1 million related to the level 3 warrant liability as of December 31, 2024.
The following table shows the changes in fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the warrant liability (as discussed in Note 10) during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and during the period from September 19, 2024 (inception) through December 31, 2024:
Description20252024
Beginning balance$61 $— 
Change in fair value4,297 61 
Issuance of warrant(4,358)— 
Ending balance$— $61 

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.