NOTE 9 - INCOME TAXES

The Company recorded the following income tax provision for the years ended November 30, 2025 and 2024.

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

2,131,000

 

 

$

2,085,000

 

State

 

 

780,000

 

 

 

626,000

 

     Subtotal

 

 

2,911,000

 

 

 

2,711,000

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

 

(2,257,000

)

 

 

(1,190,000

)

State

 

 

(562,000

)

 

 

881,000

 

     Subtotal

 

 

(2,819,000

)

 

 

(309,000

)

Income tax expense

 

$

92,000

 

 

$

2,402,000

 

 

As of November 30, 2025 and 2024, the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets are as follows:

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred income (net of discounts)

 

$

14,772,000

 

 

$

12,954,000

 

Tax over book basis in unconsolidated affiliate

 

 

1,476,000

 

 

 

1,272,000

 

Accrued payroll

 

 

455,000

 

 

 

444,000

 

Reserves and other accruals

 

 

4,851,000

 

 

 

3,661,000

 

Stock compensation

 

 

503,000

 

 

 

452,000

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

3,077,000

 

 

 

3,348,000

 

Transaction costs

 

 

19,000

 

 

 

19,000

 

RSA buy-out

 

 

737,000

 

 

 

883,000

 

Lease liability

 

 

240,000

 

 

 

248,000

 

Unrealized loss on securities

 

 

(46,000

)

 

 

(55,000

)

Section 174 costs

 

 

466,000

 

 

 

505,000

 

Total Assets:

 

 

26,550,000

 

 

 

23,731,000

 

Tax Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

(1,210,000

)

 

 

(1,211,000

)

Right-of-use asset

 

 

(217,000

)

 

 

(214,000

)

Total liabilities

 

 

(1,427,000

)

 

 

(1,425,000

)

Less: valuation allowance

 

 

(1,502,000

)

 

 

(1,504,000

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

23,621,000

 

 

$

20,802,000

 

 

A valuation allowance covering the deferred tax assets of the Company for November 30, 2025 and November 30, 2024 has been provided as the Company does not believe it is more likely than not that all of the future income tax benefits will be realized. The valuation allowance changed by approximately ($2,000) and ($12,000) during the years ended November 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The change for year ended November 30, 2025 and 2024 was primarily due to changes in state statutory rates.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of our deferred tax assets as of the end of each quarter, weighing all positive and negative evidence, and are required to establish and maintain a valuation allowance for these assets if we determine that it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The weight given to the evidence is commensurate with the extent to which the evidence can be objectively verified. If negative evidence exists, positive evidence is necessary to support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed.

A reconciliation of the income tax provision with the amount of tax computed by applying the federal statutory rate to pretax income follows:

 

 

 

For the Years Ended November 30

 

 

 

2025

 

 

%

 

 

2024

 

 

%

 

Tax at federal statutory rate

 

 

(490,803

)

 

 

21.00

 

 

 

588,866

 

 

 

21.00

 

State income tax effect

 

 

(91,888

)

 

 

3.93

 

 

 

239,410

 

 

 

8.53

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

 

(1,812

)

 

 

0.08

 

 

 

(12,097

)

 

 

(0.43

)

Tax compensation differences

 

 

278,211

 

 

 

(11.90

)

 

 

139,893

 

 

 

4.99

 

Permanent disallowances

 

 

46,254

 

 

 

(1.98

)

 

 

48,811

 

 

 

1.74

 

Deferred repricing

 

 

28,008

 

 

 

(1.20

)

 

 

1,314,454

 

 

 

46.88

 

Uncertain tax position

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4,213

)

 

 

(0.15

)

Deferred adjustments

 

 

324,262

 

 

 

(13.88

)

 

 

86,902

 

 

 

3.10

 

Total income taxes

 

$

92,232

 

 

 

(3.95

)

 

$

2,402,026

 

 

 

85.66

 

$1,314,454 of the income tax expense for the twelve months ended November 30, 2024, is attributable to the impact of the state of Florida revenue apportionment methodology change.

 

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. Increases or decreases to the unrecognized tax benefits could result from management’s belief that a position can or cannot be sustained upon examination based on subsequent information or potential lapse of the applicable statute of limitation for certain tax positions.

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. For the years ended November 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no material uncertain tax positions.

 

There was approximately $4,595,000 and $2,717,000 of U.S. income taxes paid for fiscal years ended November 30, 2025 and November 30, 2024, respectively.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state jurisdictions. The table below summarizes the open tax years and ongoing tax examinations in major jurisdictions as of November 30, 2025:

 

Jurisdiction

 

Open Tax Years

 

Examinations in Process

United States – Federal Income Tax

 

2022 – 2024

 

N/A

United States – Various States

 

2021 - 2024

 

N/A

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 27, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 28, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 28, 2023
2021Feb 22, 2022
2020Mar 1, 2021
2019Feb 28, 2020
2018Feb 28, 2019
2017Feb 28, 2018
2016Feb 28, 2017
2015Feb 29, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.