3. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are summarized below:

As of December 31, 2024

Significant

Quoted Priced in

Significant Other

Unobservable

Active Markets

Observable Inputs

Inputs

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

    

Total

Assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Money market funds

$

23,999

$

$

$

23,999

Total assets

$

23,999

$

$

$

23,999

As of December 31, 2023

Significant

Quoted Priced in

Significant Other

Unobservable

Active Markets

Observable Inputs

Inputs

    

(Level 1)

    

(Level 2)

    

(Level 3)

    

Total

Assets:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Money market funds

$

29,391

$

$

$

29,391

Total assets

$

29,391

$

$

$

29,391

There were no Level 3 financial instruments during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.