NOTE 14 - INCOME TAXES

 

Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations was as follows for the year ended December 31, 2025, in accordance with ASU 2023-09 (See Note 1 for additional details on adopting ASU 2023-09):

 

 

 

2025

 

Federal

 

 

 

     Current

 

$

7,380

 

     Deferred

 

 

1,171

 

        Total federal

 

 

8,551

 

 

 

 

 

State

 

 

 

     Current

 

$

455

 

     Deferred

 

 

17

 

        Total state

 

 

472

 

 

 

 

 

   Total income taxes (1)

 

$

9,023

 

(1) The Company does not have pretax income from continuing foreign operations or foreign tax expense.

 

Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations was as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09:

 

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Current - federal

 

$

6,498

 

 

$

8,256

 

Current - state

 

 

246

 

 

 

68

 

Deferred

 

 

(1,853

)

 

 

(675

)

Income taxes

 

$

4,891

 

 

$

7,649

 

 

Effective tax rates differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% in 2025 due to the following, in accordance with ASU 2023-09:

 

 

 

2025

 

 

 

Amount

 

 

Percent

 

U.S. federal statutory tax rate

 

$

11,599

 

 

 

21.0

%

State and local income tax, net of federal income tax benefit (1)

 

 

373

 

 

 

0.7

%

Tax Credits

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIHTC and HTC investments, net (2)

 

 

(477

)

 

 

-0.9

%

Nontaxable or Nondeductible Items

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax-exempt income, net (3)

 

 

(2,336

)

 

 

-4.2

%

Other Adjustments

 

 

(136

)

 

 

-0.3

%

Effective Tax Rate

 

$

9,023

 

 

 

16.3

%

(1) Indiana and Kentucky make up the majority (greater than 50%) of the state tax effect in this category.

(2) Low-income housing tax credits ("LIHTC") and historic rehabilitation tax credits ("HTC") equity investments. The tax credits category includes tax credits net of proportional amortization, and other tax benefits.

(3) Includes income from tax-exempt securities, net of disallowed interest expense, and income from the increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance.

 

Effective tax rates differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% in 2024 and 2023 due to the following, prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09:

 

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Income taxes computed at the statutory federal tax
   rate

 

$

7,681

 

 

$

10,629

 

Add (subtract) tax effect of:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax-exempt interest income, net

 

 

(1,975

)

 

 

(1,938

)

Low income housing investments

 

 

(555

)

 

 

(620

)

Cash surrender value of BOLI

 

 

(471

)

 

 

(233

)

Other

 

 

211

 

 

 

(189

)

Income tax expense

 

$

4,891

 

 

$

7,649

 

 

Year-end deferred tax assets and liabilities were due to the following:

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred tax assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Allowance for credit losses

 

$

9,109

 

 

$

8,554

 

   Unrealized loss on securities available for sale

 

 

9,549

 

 

 

13,104

 

   Unrealized loss on minimum pension liability

 

 

1,259

 

 

 

1,198

 

   Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps

 

 

16

 

 

 

 

   Deferred compensation

 

 

1,323

 

 

 

1,241

 

   Unfunded commitment liability

 

 

701

 

 

 

733

 

   Deferred loan fees, net

 

 

 

 

 

583

 

   Purchase accounting adjustments

 

 

(971

)

 

 

524

 

   Accrued compensation

 

 

840

 

 

 

674

 

   Lease liability

 

 

517

 

 

 

231

 

   Other

 

 

25

 

 

 

74

 

Deferred tax asset

 

 

22,368

 

 

 

26,916

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Fixed assets depreciation

 

 

(2,236

)

 

 

(1,968

)

   Prepaid pension

 

 

(1,680

)

 

 

(1,602

)

   Loan servicing rights

 

 

(582

)

 

 

(624

)

   Discount accretion on securities

 

 

(289

)

 

 

(244

)

   FHLB stock dividends

 

 

(46

)

 

 

(126

)

   Right of use asset

 

 

(517

)

 

 

(231

)

   Prepaids

 

 

(308

)

 

 

(297

)

   Other

 

 

(209

)

 

 

(143

)

Deferred tax liability

 

 

(5,867

)

 

 

(5,235

)

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

16,501

 

 

$

21,681

 

 

Income taxes paid (net of refunds received):

 

2025

 

 

 

 

 

Federal

 

$

7,600

 

State

 

 

457

 

Total

 

 

8,057

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income taxes paid (net of refunds) exceeding 5% of total income taxes paid (net of refunds) in the following jurisdictions:

 

2025

 

 

 

 

 

State

 

 

 

   N/A (1)

 

 

 

(1) There are no state jurisdictions exceeding 5% of total cash taxes paid.

 

 

 

 

At December 31, 2025, after considering all available positive and negative evidence, management concluded that a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets was not necessary because it is more likely than not that these tax benefits will be fully realized in future periods. While management continues to evaluate the need for a valuation allowance prospectively, it is not expected that a valuation allowance will be required based upon currently projected profitability.

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest and penalties recorded. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly

increase within the next twelve months. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties on income taxes in income tax expense.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income tax within U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. The Company remains subject to examination for income tax returns in all applicable federal and state jurisdictions for the years ending on or after December 31, 2022.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Mar 6, 2026Showing above
2024Mar 10, 2025
2023Mar 14, 2024
2022Mar 15, 2023
2021Mar 15, 2022
2020Mar 15, 2021
2019Mar 16, 2020
2018Mar 15, 2019
2017Mar 8, 2018
2016Mar 15, 2017
2015Mar 15, 2016

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.