Envoy Medical, Inc. Fair Value Disclosure
4. Fair Value Measurements
The following tables provide information related to the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Forward purchase agreement warrant liability | $ | $ | $ | 472 | $ | 472 | ||||||||||
| Publicly traded warrant liability | 662 | 662 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 662 | $ | $ | 472 | $ | 1,134 | ||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||
| Forward purchase agreement warrant liability | $ | $ | $ | 4 | $ | 4 | ||||||||||
| Forward purchase agreement put option liability | 103 | 103 | ||||||||||||||
| Publicly traded warrant liability | 332 | 332 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 332 | $ | $ | 107 | $ | 439 | ||||||||||
The fair values of the forward purchase agreement warrant liability and forward purchase agreement put option liability, which are Level 3 fair value measurements, were estimated using Monte Carlo Simulation models. The use of significant unobservable inputs could result in those inputs being different at the reporting dates and which could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement at the reporting dates. The following table presents the quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements of the forward purchase agreement warrant liability as of December 31, 2024 and the forward purchase agreement warrant liability and forward purchase agreement put option liability as of December 31, 2023:
| December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Stock price | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.81 | ||||
| Initial exercise price | $ | 10.46 | $ | 10.46 | ||||
| Annual volatility | 130.0 | % | 46.9 | % | ||||
| Remaining term (in years) | 1.00 | 0.75 | ||||||
| Risk-free rate | 4.08 | % | 4.90 | % | ||||
The Company has classified the publicly traded warrant liability within Level 1 of the hierarchy as the warrant is separately listed and traded in an active market. The publicly traded warrant’s listed price in an active market was used as the fair value.
The following table summarizes the activity for the Company’s Level 3 instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
| Forward Purchase Agreement Warrant Liability | Forward Purchase Agreement Put Option Liability | |||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 4 | $ | 103 | ||||
| Change in fair value | (411 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||
| Effect of amendments (see Note 10) | 975 | |||||||
| Extinguishment of excess warrant liability upon exercise of warrants associated with the forward purchase agreement | (96 | ) | ||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $ | 472 | $ | |||||
There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, nor into and out of Level 3, during the periods presented.
Convertible Notes
Effective concurrently with the Merger, the outstanding balance of principal and accrued interest of the Convertible Notes was automatically converted into Common Stock and the outstanding balance of principal and accrued interest of the Envoy Bridge Note was converted into Series A Preferred Stock (see Note 3). As such, the Convertible Notes and Envoy Bridge Note were derecognized from the consolidated balance sheets. Immediately prior to the Merger, the fair value of the Convertible Notes was calculated by multiplying the amount of Common Stock the Convertible Notes converted into by the fair value of these shares. The fair value of the Common Stock was based on the listed prices for the shares, immediately prior to the Merger. Immediately prior to the Merger, the fair value of the Envoy Bridge Note was calculated by multiplying the amount of Series A Preferred Stock the Envoy Bridge Note converted into, by the fair value of these shares. The fair value of the Series A Preferred Stock was estimated using a Monte Carlo Simulation model, which is a Level 3 fair value measurement. The following table presents the quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements of the Series A Preferred Stock, which was valued at $10.98 per share.
| September 29, 2023 | ||||
| Underlying stock price | $ | 7.02 | ||
| Exercise price | $ | 11.50 | ||
| Expected term (in years) | 10.00 | |||
| Expected volatility | 48.9 | % | ||
About Fair Value Disclosures
Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.
Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.