Note 18—Sales and Other Operating Revenues
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The following table provides further disaggregation of our consolidated sales and other operating revenues:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Millions of Dollars |
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 |
| | | |
| Revenue from contracts with customers | $ | 51,824 | | 49,418 | | 48,522 | |
| Revenue from contracts outside the scope of ASC Topic 606 | | | |
| Physical contracts meeting the definition of a derivative | 7,201 | | 5,483 | | 8,203 | |
| Financial derivative contracts | (81) | | (156) | | (584) | |
| Consolidated sales and other operating revenues | $ | 58,944 | | 54,745 | | 56,141 | |
Revenues from contracts outside the scope of ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” relate primarily to physical gas contracts at market prices, which qualify as derivatives accounted for under ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging,” and for which we have not elected NPNS. There is no significant difference in contractual terms or the policy for recognition of revenue from these contracts and those within the scope of ASC Topic 606. Further disaggregation of revenues is provided in Note 22 - Segment Disclosures and Related Information. Practical Expedients
Typically, our commodity sales contracts are less than 12 months in duration; however, in certain specific cases may extend longer, which may be out to the end of field life. We have long-term commodity sales contracts which use prevailing market prices at the time of delivery, and under these contracts, the market-based variable consideration for each performance obligation (i.e., delivery of commodity) is allocated to each wholly unsatisfied performance obligation within the contract. Accordingly, we have applied the practical expedient allowed in ASC Topic 606 and do not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations or when we expect to recognize revenues that are unsatisfied as of the end of the reporting period.
Receivables from Contracts with Customers
At December 31, 2025, the “Accounts and notes receivable” line on our consolidated balance sheet included trade receivables of $4,416 million compared with $5,398 million at December 31, 2024, and included both contracts with customers within the scope of ASC Topic 606 and those that are outside the scope of ASC Topic 606. We typically receive payment within 30 days or less (depending on the terms of the invoice) once delivery is made. Revenues that are outside the scope of ASC Topic 606 relate primarily to physical natural gas sales contracts at market prices for which we do not elect NPNS and are therefore accounted for as a derivative under ASC Topic 815. There is little distinction in the nature of the customer or credit quality of trade receivables associated with natural gas sold under contracts for which NPNS has not been elected compared with trade receivables where NPNS has been elected.
About Revenue Disclosures
Revenue disclosures under ASC 606 explain how a company identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction prices, and determines when revenue is recognized. This section is essential for understanding whether reported revenue reflects genuine economic activity or aggressive accounting choices. Analysts examine the mix of point-in-time versus over-time recognition, which directly affects revenue timing and comparability.
Key signals: rising contract liabilities (deferred revenue) suggest strong future revenue visibility, while declining contract assets may indicate slowing project milestones. Watch for variable consideration estimates — rebates, returns, and performance bonuses that require management judgment. Significant changes in disaggregated revenue by geography or product line can reveal shifting business mix before it appears in headline numbers. Compare revenue growth against contract liability growth to assess sustainability, and scrutinize any changes in the timing of recognition that coincide with earnings pressure.