CINTAS CORPCTAS
CINTAS CORP Income Taxes Disclosure
Income Taxes
Income before income taxes consists of the following components for the fiscal years ended May 31:
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| U.S. operations | $ | 2,117,251 | $ | 1,860,859 | $ | 1,632,391 | |||||||||||
| Foreign operations | 146,951 | 112,776 | 60,757 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 2,264,202 | $ | 1,973,635 | $ | 1,693,148 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense consists of the following components for the fiscal years ended May 31:
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| Current: | |||||||||||||||||
| Federal | $ | 352,652 | $ | 327,616 | $ | 248,413 | |||||||||||
| State and local | 96,808 | 79,583 | 56,589 | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign | 10,580 | 25,344 | 13,205 | ||||||||||||||
| 460,040 | 432,543 | 318,207 | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred | (8,119) | (30,500) | 26,931 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 451,921 | $ | 402,043 | $ | 345,138 | ||||||||||||
Reconciliation of income tax expense using the statutory rate and actual income tax expense is as follows for the fiscal years ended May 31:
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| Income taxes at the U.S. federal statutory rate | $ | 475,482 | $ | 414,463 | $ | 355,561 | |||||||||||
Permanent differences (1) | (75,966) | (67,310) | (59,502) | ||||||||||||||
| State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit | 64,052 | 49,560 | 46,245 | ||||||||||||||
| Other | (11,647) | 5,330 | 2,834 | ||||||||||||||
| $ | 451,921 | $ | 402,043 | $ | 345,138 | ||||||||||||
(1) Primarily consists of the excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation.
The components of deferred income taxes included on the consolidated balance sheets are as follows at May 31:
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | |||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | $ | 17,352 | $ | 13,478 | |||||||
| Inventory reserves | 17,734 | 18,913 | |||||||||
| Insurance reserves | 45,029 | 45,154 | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 66,260 | 71,146 | |||||||||
| Net operating loss and foreign related carry-forwards | 1,630 | 2,169 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 58,219 | 48,964 | |||||||||
| Deferred compensation and other | 132,210 | 114,786 | |||||||||
| 338,434 | 314,610 | ||||||||||
| Valuation allowance | (1,556) | (2,129) | |||||||||
| 336,878 | 312,481 | ||||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Uniform and other rental items in service | 274,781 | 251,394 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment | 163,247 | 175,214 | |||||||||
| Intangibles and other amortizable assets | 173,362 | 178,583 | |||||||||
| Treasury locks | 37,014 | 37,202 | |||||||||
| Capitalized contract costs | 95,069 | 91,551 | |||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 58,219 | 48,964 | |||||||||
| State taxes and other | 6,926 | 5,085 | |||||||||
| 808,618 | 787,993 | ||||||||||
| Net deferred tax liability | $ | 471,740 | $ | 475,512 | |||||||
Although realization is not assured, management has evaluated its deferred tax assets to determine whether a valuation allowance is required or should be adjusted. This evaluation considers, among other items, the nature, frequency and amount of recent losses, reversal periods of taxable temporary differences, duration of statutory periods and tax planning strategies. As a result of this analysis, management believes it is more likely than not that the recorded deferred tax assets will be realized.
Income taxes paid were $454.9 million, $423.1 million and $291.9 million for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
As of May 31, 2025 and 2024, there was $47.8 million and $32.7 million, net of federal benefit, respectively, in total unrecognized tax benefits, which, if recognized, would favorably impact Cintas' effective tax rate. Cintas recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income, which is consistent with the recognition of these items in prior reporting periods. The total amount accrued for interest and penalties as of May 31, 2025 and 2024, was $5.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively. Cintas records this tax liability in long-term accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the gross unrecognized tax benefits (exclusive of interest and penalties) is as follows:
| (In thousands) | |||||
| Balance at June 1, 2023 | $ | 36,754 | |||
| Additions for tax positions of the current year | 10,895 | ||||
| Additions for tax positions of prior years | 4,864 | ||||
| Settlements | (7,325) | ||||
| Statute expirations | (3,442) | ||||
| Balance at May 31, 2024 | 41,746 | ||||
| Additions for tax positions of the current year | 14,001 | ||||
| Additions for tax positions of prior years | 3,791 | ||||
| Statute expirations | (1,530) | ||||
| Balance at May 31, 2025 | $ | 58,008 | |||
The majority of Cintas' operations are in North America. Cintas is required to file U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as state income tax returns in a majority of the domestic states and also in certain Canadian provinces. At times, Cintas is subject to audits in these jurisdictions. The audits, by nature, are sometimes complex and can require several years to resolve. The final resolution of any such tax audit could result in either a reduction in Cintas' accruals or an increase in its income tax expense, either of which could have an impact on the consolidated results of operation in any given period.
All U.S. federal income tax returns are closed to audit through fiscal 2021. Cintas is currently in various audits in certain foreign jurisdictions and certain domestic states. The years under foreign and domestic state audits cover fiscal years back to 2020. Based on the status and resolution of the various audits and other potential regulatory developments, it is expected that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits will not materially change for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2026.
Foreign Withholding Tax
The Company asserts that all foreign earnings will be indefinitely reinvested, with the exception of certain foreign investments in which earnings and cash generation are in excess of local needs. With the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in the U.S., dividends of earnings from non-U.S. operations are generally no longer subject to U.S. income tax. Cintas continues to analyze the estimated impact of the non-U.S. income and withholding tax liabilities based on the source of these earnings, as well as the expected means through which those earnings may be taxed; however, the unrecorded tax is not material to the consolidated financial statements.Historical Timeline
| Fiscal Year | Filed | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Jul 28, 2025 | Showing above |
| 2024 | Jul 25, 2024 | |
| 2023 | Jul 27, 2023 | |
| 2022 | Jul 27, 2022 | |
| 2021 | Jul 28, 2021 | |
| 2020 | Jul 29, 2020 | |
| 2019 | Jul 26, 2019 | |
| 2018 | Jul 27, 2018 | |
| 2017 | Jul 31, 2017 | |
| 2016 | Jul 29, 2016 | |
About Income Taxes Disclosures
The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.
Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.