4. Fair Value Measurements and Investments

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the Company determines the fair value of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities using the fair value hierarchy, which establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, as follows:

Level I: Inputs which include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level II: Inputs other than Level I that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level III: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, including restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The Company’s financial instruments consist of Level I and Level II assets which consist primarily of highly liquid money market funds, some of which are included in restricted cash and U.S. Treasury securities that are included in cash equivalent or short-term investments.

The following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s investments subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used in such measurements:

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

 

 

Valuation
Hierarchy

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Aggregate
Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds

 

Level I

 

$

28,313

 

 

$

 

 

$

28,313

 

Restricted cash (money market funds)

 

Level I

 

 

1,027

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,027

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

Level II

 

 

72,503

 

 

 

27

 

 

 

72,530

 

Total

 

 

 

$

101,843

 

 

$

27

 

 

$

101,870

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2023

 

 

 

Valuation
Hierarchy

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Aggregate
Fair Value

 

 

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds

 

Level I

 

$

17,109

 

 

$

 

 

$

17,109

 

Restricted cash (money market funds)

 

Level I

 

 

917

 

 

 

 

 

 

917

 

U.S. Treasury securities

 

Level II

 

 

157,243

 

 

 

95

 

 

 

157,338

 

Total

 

 

 

$

175,269

 

 

$

95

 

 

$

175,364

 

 

As of December 31, 2024, the remaining contractual terms of the U.S. Treasury securities are less than a year.

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About Fair Value Disclosures

Fair value disclosures classify all assets and liabilities measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy: Level 1 (quoted market prices), Level 2 (observable inputs like yield curves), and Level 3 (unobservable inputs requiring management estimates). The proportion of Level 3 assets directly reflects how much of the balance sheet depends on internal models rather than market evidence.

Key signals: a growing Level 3 balance relative to total fair-value assets increases valuation uncertainty and earnings volatility risk. Watch for transfers between levels — assets moving from Level 2 to Level 3 often signal deteriorating market liquidity. Unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 positions flow through earnings or other comprehensive income, so large swings deserve scrutiny. For financial institutions, examine the sensitivity disclosures that show how Level 3 valuations change under alternative assumptions. Compare the fair value of debt against its carrying amount to gauge hidden leverage.