Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

In July 2019, we entered into the Oyster Point Lease of office and laboratory space at a facility located in South San Francisco, California, and we entered into amendments to the Oyster Point Lease in 2020 through 2024. The Oyster Point Lease commenced on March 31, 2021 and has an expiration date of October 31, 2033.

In January 2022, we entered into a series of lease agreements with the sub-landlord and landlord and leased an office space at a facility located in Radnor, Pennsylvania (the "Radnor Lease"). The Radnor Lease commenced in September 2022, when the leasehold improvements were substantially completed, and we gained control over the use of the underlying assets. The Radnor Lease had an original expiration date of July 31, 2027 with one five-year option to extend the lease. In February 2025, the Company amended the Radnor Lease to include additional office space and to extend the lease term for both the existing and the newly leased spaces through July 2029, with one five-year renewal option. As a result of the lease modification for the existing office space, the Company remeasured and increased its operating lease right-of-use asset and lease liability by $1.1 million. Upon commencement of the lease for the additional office space, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $2.4 million, using a discount rate of 8.9%.

In August 2025, we entered into a new operating lease for office space located in Zug, Switzerland (the "Zug Lease"). The lease has an initial term of approximately five years, with an option to extend for an additional five years that is not reasonably certain to be exercised as of the commencement date. Upon lease commencement in August 2025, the Company recognized a right-of-use asset and lease liability of approximately $2.6 million, using a discount rate of 9.0%.

The weighted-average remaining lease term of the operating leases was 7.6 years, 8.7 years, and 9.7 years as of December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The weighted-average discount rate used to determine the related operating lease liabilities was 8.7% as of December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023.

Cash paid for operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $28.9 million, $26.1 million, and $17.8 million, respectively, and was included in net cash used in operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

Finance Leases

During the third quarter of 2021, we entered into a master lease agreement for laboratory equipment leases that commenced in the fourth quarter of 2021. The leases commenced through the second quarter of 2022, with the lease term ending in the fourth quarter of 2026. The master lease agreement provides a purchase option with a bargain purchase price, which we expect to exercise at the end of the term. The Company classified the leases as finance leases.

Finance leases are accounted for on the consolidated balance sheets with right-of-use assets and lease liabilities recognized in property and equipment, other current liabilities, and other non-current liabilities, respectively. The finance lease cost is recognized as a combination of the amortization expense for the right-of-use assets calculated on a straight-line basis over the five-year estimated useful life for laboratory equipment and interest expense for the outstanding lease liabilities using the determined discount rates.

As of December 31, 2025, the weighted average remaining lease term for the finance leases is 1.0 year. The weighted average discount rate used to determine the finance lease liabilities is 9.5%.

The cash paid for finance lease for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $0.2 million, $0.9 million, and $0.9 million, respectively, which was included in financing activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases as of December 31, 2025 is as follows (in thousands):

Years ending December 31:

 

Operating
Leases

 

 

2026

 

$

20,096

 

 

2027

 

 

22,171

 

 

2028

 

 

22,828

 

 

2029

 

 

22,908

 

 

2030

 

 

22,471

 

 

Thereafter

 

 

66,487

 

 

Total future minimum lease payments

 

 

176,961

 

 

Less: Imputed interest

 

 

(49,880

)

 

Total lease liability

 

$

127,081

 

 

There was no future minimum lease payments for finance leases as of December 31, 2025.

Rent expense for operating and finance leases was $25.4 million, $19.4 million, and $22.1 million for 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Legal Proceedings

The Company recognizes accruals for legal actions to the extent that it concludes that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. At each reporting date, the Company evaluates whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable under the provisions of the authoritative guidance that addresses accounting for contingencies. The Company expenses as incurred the costs related to such legal proceedings.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 26, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 27, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Mar 1, 2023
2021Feb 25, 2022
2020Feb 26, 2021
2018Mar 7, 2019
2017Mar 5, 2018
2016Mar 6, 2017
2015Mar 3, 2016

About Commitments Disclosures

Commitments and contingencies disclosures catalog a company's off-balance-sheet obligations and legal exposures — purchase commitments, guarantee arrangements, pending litigation, and regulatory proceedings. These items represent potential future cash outflows that may not appear as liabilities on the balance sheet until they become probable and estimable.

Key signals: litigation reserves and disclosed loss ranges quantify management's estimate of legal exposure, but unquantified "reasonably possible" losses often represent the larger risk. Watch for changes in language around pending cases — shifts from "remote" to "reasonably possible" or increases in estimated loss ranges signal deteriorating outcomes. Unconditional purchase obligations and take-or-pay contracts create fixed cost structures that reduce operational flexibility. Guarantee arrangements for subsidiaries or joint ventures can create cascading obligations. Compare the total commitment schedule against projected free cash flow to assess whether the company can meet its obligations without additional financing.