6.
Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense

The following table presents Devon’s income tax expense.

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S.

 

$

3,474

 

 

$

3,721

 

 

$

4,609

 

Canada

 

 

(8

)

 

 

(9

)

 

 

14

 

Total earnings before income taxes

 

$

3,466

 

 

$

3,712

 

 

$

4,623

 

Current income tax expense (benefit):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. federal

 

$

285

 

 

$

427

 

 

$

441

 

Various states

 

 

16

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

27

 

Canada

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3

)

Total current income tax expense

 

 

301

 

 

 

459

 

 

 

465

 

Deferred income tax expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. federal

 

 

406

 

 

 

267

 

 

 

365

 

Various states

 

 

78

 

 

 

44

 

 

 

11

 

Total deferred income tax expense

 

 

484

 

 

 

311

 

 

 

376

 

Total income tax expense (benefit):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. federal

 

 

691

 

 

 

694

 

 

 

806

 

Various states

 

 

94

 

 

 

76

 

 

 

38

 

Canada

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3

)

Total income tax expense

 

$

785

 

 

$

770

 

 

$

841

 

Total income tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes as a result of the following:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

U.S. federal statutory tax rate

 

$

728

 

 

21

%

 

$

780

 

 

21

%

 

$

971

 

 

21

%

U.S. federal:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax credits

 

 

(32

)

 

(1

%)

 

 

(85

)

 

(2

%)

 

 

(133

)

 

(3

%)

Nontaxable and nondeductible items

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

(13

)

 

 

 

 

(15

)

 

 

Effect of changes in tax laws or rates

 

 

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

(3

)

 

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

(17

)

 

(1

%)

U.S. state income taxes (1)

 

 

74

 

 

3

%

 

 

60

 

 

2

%

 

 

30

 

 

1

%

Foreign tax effects

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

(6

)

 

 

Changes in unrecognized tax benefits

 

 

6

 

 

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

11

 

 

 

Effective income tax rate

 

$

785

 

 

23

%

 

$

770

 

 

21

%

 

$

841

 

 

18

%

 

(1)
State taxes in North Dakota, New Mexico, and Texas made up the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in this category.

On July 4, 2025, OBBB was signed into law. In addition to other provisions, OBBB includes permanent reinstatement of 100% bonus depreciation and the expensing of domestic research costs beginning in 2025 and allows for the deduction of intangible drilling costs as part of the computation of the CAMT beginning in 2026. Accordingly, Devon’s 2025 income tax expense included a current tax benefit of approximately $215 million and a corresponding deferred tax expense associated with the deferral of income taxes resulting from the enactment of OBBB.

Income Taxes Paid

The following table presents the components of Devon's income taxes paid or refunded.

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

U.S. federal

 

$

149

 

 

$

439

 

 

$

350

 

Various states:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

New Mexico

 

 

5

 

 

 

20

 

 

 

28

 

Texas

 

 

22

 

 

 

11

 

 

 

23

 

North Dakota

 

 

10

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

1

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

Subtotal

 

 

37

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

53

 

Canada

 

 

 

 

 

(2

)

 

 

(3

)

Total

 

$

186

 

 

$

480

 

 

$

400

 

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents the tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to Devon’s deferred tax assets and liabilities.

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital loss carryforwards

 

$

522

 

 

$

497

 

Net operating loss carryforwards

 

 

375

 

 

 

428

 

Accrued liabilities

 

 

219

 

 

 

191

 

Asset retirement obligations

 

 

206

 

 

 

181

 

CAMT credit

 

 

179

 

 

 

 

Other

 

 

18

 

 

 

28

 

Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

 

 

1,519

 

 

 

1,325

 

Less: valuation allowance

 

 

(829

)

 

 

(794

)

Net deferred tax assets

 

 

690

 

 

 

531

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment

 

 

(3,251

)

 

 

(2,669

)

Other

 

 

(66

)

 

 

(10

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(3,317

)

 

 

(2,679

)

Net deferred tax liability

 

$

(2,627

)

 

$

(2,148

)

At December 31, 2025, Devon has recognized $375 million of deferred tax assets related to various net operating loss carryforwards available to offset future taxable income. Devon has $38 million of U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards which do not expire. Devon has $14 million of Canadian net operating loss carryforwards, all of which are covered by a valuation allowance. Devon also has $323 million of state net operating loss carryforwards, with $145 million expiring between 2027 and 2040, $178 million with no expiration, and $288 million of which are covered by a valuation allowance.

Devon’s $38 million U.S. federal net operating losses were acquired through the merger with WPX. These net operating losses are subject to limitation pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, which relates to limitations upon the 50% or greater change of ownership of an entity during any three-year period. The Company anticipates utilizing these net operating losses prior to their expiration.

Devon's remaining Canadian deferred tax assets of $527 million, primarily made up of $515 million of capital losses, are fully covered by a valuation allowance.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The following table presents changes in Devon’s unrecognized tax benefits.

 

 

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

105

 

 

$

83

 

Tax positions taken in prior periods

 

 

10

 

 

 

22

 

Settlements

 

 

(4

)

 

 

 

Balance at end of year

 

$

111

 

 

$

105

 

 

Devon's unrecognized tax benefit balance at December 31, 2025 and 2024 included $18 million and $12 million, respectively, of interest. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were $111 million and $105 million, respectively, of current unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would affect the annual effective tax rate.

Included below is a summary of the tax years, by jurisdiction, that remain subject to examination by taxing authorities.

 

Jurisdiction

 

Tax Years Open

U.S. federal

 

2018-2025

Various U.S. states

 

2021-2025

Canada

 

2006-2025

 

Certain statute of limitation expirations are scheduled to occur in the next twelve months. Devon is currently in various stages of the audit and administrative review process for certain open tax years.

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 18, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 19, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 15, 2023
2021Feb 16, 2022
2017Feb 21, 2018

About Income Taxes Disclosures

The income tax disclosure reveals how much a company actually pays in taxes versus what the statutory rate would predict. Analysts focus on the effective tax rate (ETR) reconciliation, which breaks down every item driving the gap between the 21% federal rate and the company's reported ETR — including R&D credits, foreign rate differentials, and state taxes. Deferred tax assets (DTAs) and their valuation allowances signal management's confidence in future profitability: a rising allowance suggests the company doubts it can use accumulated tax benefits. Uncertain tax benefit (UTB) reserves quantify exposure to IRS challenges on aggressive positions.

Key signals to watch: sudden ETR drops without clear operational reasons, large increases in valuation allowances, growing UTB balances, and significant unremitted foreign earnings. Post-TCJA, pay attention to GILTI and BEAT provisions that affect multinational tax structures. Compare the cash taxes paid (from the cash flow statement) against the income tax provision to gauge earnings quality.