Note 7. Reportable Segment and Geographic Information

The Company has two distinct reportable segments. The laboratory services operating segment offers technical laboratory and testing services and professional interpretation of laboratory results by licensed physicians who specialize in pathology and oncology. The therapeutic development operating segment is a pharmaceutical research and development entity.

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer serves as its Chief Operating Decision Maker, or CODM. The CODM oversees the Company’s operations and evaluates financial data for its two operating segments separately to make resource allocation decisions. The financial information regularly provided to the CODM includes various performance metrics by reporting segment, such as gross profit, operating income or loss, income or loss before income taxes, net income or loss from consolidated operations, and net income or loss attributable to Fulgent, all presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Although multiple financial metrics are provided, the CODM primarily relies on adjusted (non-GAAP) operating income or loss to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. These adjusted metrics exclude the impact of equity-based compensation expenses, goodwill impairment losses, amortization of intangible assets, acquisition-related costs, and certain professional liability expenses, if applicable as determined by management. The balance sheet is presented on a consolidated basis, as the CODM does not use asset or liability information, including fixed assets, to assess segment performance. As a result, segment asset and liability details are not disclosed.

The newly acquired entity, ANP, is considered part of the therapeutic development segment as this acquisition was strategically undertaken to gain full control over the patents and technologies utilized in the development of product candidates within the therapeutic development segment. Consequently, ANP’s operations are integrated into the therapeutic development segment, with shared resources and collaborative efforts, and the CODM evaluates ANP’s operations as part of the therapeutic development segment’s consolidated financial information. Therefore, ANP’s financial results are grouped within the therapeutic development segment’s reporting. ANP generates revenue from technologies licensed to pharmaceutical and biotech companies, as well as contract research organizations, or CROs.

There is no inter-segment allocation of interest expense and income taxes. There is no inter-segment revenue and operating income or loss. The Company did not allocate income tax by segment. Information regarding the Company’s operations and assets for its reporting segments as well as geographic information are as follows, all dollars are in thousands:

 

 

Laboratory Services

 

 

Therapeutic Development

 

 

Total

 

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

$

322,224

 

 

$

447

 

 

$

322,671

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted cost of revenue

 

184,964

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

184,969

 

Adjusted research and development

 

21,637

 

 

 

19,037

 

 

 

40,674

 

Adjusted selling and marketing

 

40,350

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

40,355

 

Adjusted general and administrative

 

82,485

 

 

 

1,247

 

 

 

83,732

 

Total adjusted operating loss

$

(7,212

)

 

$

(19,847

)

 

$

(27,059

)

 

 

Laboratory Services

 

 

Therapeutic Development

 

 

Total

 

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

$

283,470

 

 

$

 

 

$

283,470

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted cost of revenue

 

168,456

 

 

 

 

 

 

168,456

 

Adjusted research and development

 

18,213

 

 

 

15,632

 

 

 

33,845

 

Adjusted selling and marketing

 

32,339

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,339

 

Adjusted general and administrative

 

69,374

 

 

 

928

 

 

 

70,302

 

Total adjusted operating loss

$

(4,912

)

 

$

(16,560

)

 

$

(21,472

)

 

 

Laboratory Services

 

 

Therapeutic Development

 

 

Total

 

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

$

289,213

 

 

$

 

 

$

289,213

 

Less:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted cost of revenue

 

175,008

 

 

 

 

 

 

175,008

 

Adjusted research and development

 

19,577

 

 

 

6,990

 

 

 

26,567

 

Adjusted selling and marketing

 

36,503

 

 

 

 

 

 

36,503

 

Adjusted general and administrative

 

74,982

 

 

 

681

 

 

 

75,663

 

Total adjusted operating loss

$

(16,857

)

 

$

(7,671

)

 

$

(24,528

)

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Reconciliation of “adjusted operating loss” to “loss before income taxes”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted operating loss

$

(27,059

)

 

$

(21,472

)

 

$

(24,528

)

Less (add):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity-based compensation

 

39,582

 

 

 

44,481

 

 

 

42,922

 

Professional liability expense

 

14,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition-related costs

 

1,924

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

8,031

 

 

 

7,965

 

 

 

7,845

 

Goodwill impairment loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

120,234

 

Interest income

 

(30,919

)

 

 

(31,304

)

 

 

(21,612

)

Interest expense

 

75

 

 

 

(170

)

 

 

488

 

Impairment loss

 

9,926

 

 

 

10,073

 

 

 

 

Other income, net

 

(153

)

 

 

(561

)

 

 

(320

)

Total loss before income taxes

$

(70,025

)

 

$

(51,956

)

 

$

(174,085

)

 

Significant items by segment excluded from the adjusted operating loss:

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Equity-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laboratory services

$

31,567

 

 

$

36,951

 

 

$

35,649

 

Therapeutic development

 

8,015

 

 

 

7,530

 

 

 

7,273

 

Total

$

39,582

 

 

$

44,481

 

 

$

42,922

 

 

Revenue by segment:

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laboratory services:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Precision diagnostics(1)

$

190,472

 

 

$

167,745

 

 

$

131,990

 

Anatomic pathology

 

106,442

 

 

 

97,080

 

 

 

104,655

 

BioPharma services

 

25,310

 

 

 

16,338

 

 

 

25,416

 

COVID-19

 

 

 

 

2,307

 

 

 

27,152

 

Total laboratory services

 

322,224

 

 

 

283,470

 

 

 

289,213

 

Therapeutic development:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BioPharma services

 

447

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total therapeutic development

 

447

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

$

322,671

 

 

$

283,470

 

 

$

289,213

 

(1) Beginning in 2025, COVID-19 revenue is grouped with precision diagnostics, which was insignificant in 2025.

 

Depreciation and amortization by segment:

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laboratory services

$

23,552

 

 

$

24,240

 

 

$

25,453

 

Therapeutic development

 

571

 

 

 

688

 

 

 

690

 

Total

$

24,123

 

 

$

24,928

 

 

$

26,143

 

 

 

Interest income and expense by segment:

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Interest income and expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laboratory services

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

$

30,919

 

 

$

31,304

 

 

$

21,612

 

Interest expense

 

(75

)

 

 

170

 

 

 

(488

)

Therapeutic development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

$

30,844

 

 

$

31,474

 

 

$

21,124

 

 

Total assets by segment:

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Laboratory services

$

1,096,379

 

 

$

1,131,117

 

Therapeutic development

 

117,146

 

 

 

88,847

 

Total

$

1,213,525

 

 

$

1,219,964

 

Geographic distribution of revenue:

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

Revenue

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

$

296,552

 

 

$

259,132

 

 

$

268,977

 

Foreign

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

China

 

12,906

 

 

 

12,638

 

 

 

11,446

 

Other countries

 

13,213

 

 

 

11,700

 

 

 

8,790

 

Total foreign

 

26,119

 

 

 

24,338

 

 

 

20,236

 

Total

$

322,671

 

 

$

283,470

 

 

$

289,213

 

Geographic distribution of property, plant and equipment, net:

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

December 31, 2024

 

Fixed assets

 

 

 

 

 

United States

$

106,250

 

 

$

98,992

 

Foreign

 

 

 

 

 

China

 

4,692

 

 

 

4,616

 

Other countries

 

1,607

 

 

 

1,941

 

Total foreign

 

6,299

 

 

 

6,557

 

Total

$

112,549

 

 

$

105,549

 

Historical Timeline

Fiscal YearFiled
2025Feb 27, 2026Showing above
2024Feb 28, 2025
2023Feb 28, 2024
2022Feb 28, 2023
2021Feb 28, 2022
2020Mar 8, 2021
2019Mar 13, 2020
2017Mar 20, 2018

About Segments Disclosures

Segment disclosures break a company into its reportable operating units, revealing revenue, profit, and asset allocation that consolidated financial statements obscure. Under ASC 280, segments must match how the chief operating decision maker views the business, providing a window into internal management structure and resource allocation priorities.

Key signals: compare segment margins to identify which units drive profitability and which destroy value. Watch for changes in the number of reportable segments — segment aggregation or disaggregation often coincides with strategic shifts or attempts to obscure declining performance. Intersegment elimination patterns reveal internal pricing practices. The reconciliation between segment totals and consolidated figures exposes corporate overhead allocation and unallocated items. Geographic revenue concentration highlights regulatory and currency exposure. Compare segment-level capital expenditure against segment revenue to assess where management is investing for future growth versus harvesting existing assets.